Eye spot

Japanese: 目玉模様 - めだまもよう(英語表記)eye spot
Eye spot
Also called eye-like patterns. They also seem to recognize the concentric patterns seen in insects such as butterflies and fish such as butterflyfish as eyes, and attack them by mistake. Therefore, it is thought that eye patterns have the effect of diverting the enemy's attention and protecting important parts. How eye patterns are formed has long been a mystery in developmental biology, but in recent years, SB Carroll and others have succeeded in elucidating the genetic level of butterfly eye patterns. According to their findings, distal-less genes, which create legs in other arthropods, have acquired a new switching mechanism during the course of evolution and become repurposed as the center for creating eye patterns.

(Yuji Tarumi, science journalist / 2008)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:
眼状紋ともいう。チョウなどの昆虫やチョウチョウウオなどの魚に見られる同心円状の模もそれを眼として認識しているらしく、間違って攻撃したりする。したがって、目玉模様には、敵の注意をそらして大事な部分を守るという効果があると考えられる。目玉模様がどのように形成されるかは、古くから発生学の疑問であったが、近年S.B.キャロルらが、チョウの目玉模様に関して遺伝子レベルでの解明に成功した。それによれば、他の節足動物で肢(あし)を作るディスタルレス遺伝子が進化の過程で、新しいスイッチ機構を獲得して、目玉模様作りのセンターとして転用されるようになったとされる。

(垂水雄二 科学ジャーナリスト / 2008年)

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