In lizards, the parasceola, a part of the pineal gland, is particularly well developed and emerges from a hole in the skull (parietal foramen) under the skin, presenting a structure similar to a lateral eye. This is called the parietal eye. When fossils are examined, it is known that many extinct amphibians and reptiles had parietal eyes. The parietal eye is disc-shaped and exhibits a follicular structure, with an anterior wall made up of an arrangement of tall cells that act as a lens. The function of the parietal eye is not well understood, but one theory is that it acts as a dosimeter to measure the amount of light from the sun, allowing cold-blooded reptiles to escape the temperature difference between day and night. [Masaru Wada] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
トカゲの仲間では、松果体の一部である副上生体がとくに発達して、頭骨の穴(顱頂孔)から皮膚の下へ顔を出し、側眼のような構造を呈する。これを顱頂眼(頭頂眼)という。化石を調べると、絶滅した多くの両生類や爬虫(はちゅう)類に顱頂眼があったことがわかる。顱頂眼は円板状で濾胞(ろほう)構造を示し、前壁は背の高い細胞が配列してレンズの役割をしている。顱頂眼の機能はよくわかっていないが、変温動物である爬虫類が、昼と夜の温度差から逃れるために、太陽からの光の量を計るための線量計であるという説がある。 [和田 勝] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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