A Grand Duchy in the Tuscany region of central Italy from 1569 to 1860. Its history began in 1569, when Cosimo I de' Medici was made Grand Duke. He worked to build a unified state administratively and legally, and then under Ferdinand I, tax reform was carried out, commerce and agriculture developed, and the Grand Duchy prospered, but thereafter the national power went into steady decline. Commerce in particular declined, and capital was concentrated in land, turning the country into an agricultural one. In 1737, the Medici family died out, and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany was inherited by the House of Habsburg. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1569年から1860年まで,イタリア中部トスカナ地方にあった大公国。その歴史は1569年,メディチ家のコジモ1世が大公に叙された年に始まる。彼は行政・法律面で統一のとれた国家の建設に努力し,ついでフェルディナンド1世の下で税制改革が行われ,商業・農業が発展して,大公国は繁栄するが,以後国力は衰微の一途をたどった。ことに商業が衰え,資本は土地に集中投下され,農業国と化した。1737年にはメディチ家が断絶,トスカナ大公国はハプスブルク家に継承される。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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