Originally, they were a tribe that lived in the Latium region of ancient Italy and spoke Latin or a related language. Alba was their center around the 10th and 9th centuries BC, but after the 7th century BC, cities such as Praeneste, Tusculum, Aricia, and Ardea were built, and the Latin League (a confederation of city-states) was formed among them. The Romans were originally a branch of Latins that had advanced from Alba, but by the end of the monarchy, Rome had grown into the leading city-state in Latium. Around 496 BC, Rome and the Latin League fought a battle on the shores of Lake Regillus, but after that, the two cooperated and built Latin colonies. In 340 BC, the two clashed again (the Latin War). After the war (338 BC), Rome granted Roman citizenship to Latin cities and made them municipium (autonomous cities). This marked the end of the history of the Latins as a race or nation, and the name was thereafter used to refer to their legal status as citizens of the Latin colonies that were subsequently established to include other races. [Ryuichi Hirata] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
本来、古代イタリアのラティウム地方に住み、ラテン語ないしこれと同系の言語を話した種族。紀元前10、9世紀ごろアルバが中心であったが、前7世紀以降プラエネステ、トゥスクルム、アリキア、アルデアなどの都市が建設され、これらの間でラテン同盟(都市国家連合)が結成された。ローマ人も元来はアルバから進出したラテン人の一派であったが、ローマは王政末期までにラティウム随一の都市国家に成長した。前496年ごろローマとラテン同盟はレギルス湖畔で会戦したが、以後両者は協力しラテン植民市を建設した。前340年、両者は再度武力衝突した(ラテン戦争)。戦後(前338)ローマはラテン人の都市にローマ市民権を与えて、これをムニキピウムmunicipium(自治都市)とした。種族ないし民族としてのラテン人の歴史はこれで終わりを告げ、以後ラテン人という呼び名は、その後他の種族を含めて建設されたラテン植民市の市民という法的地位をさす用語になった。 [平田隆一] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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