Xie Fangde - Shabouto

A scholar from the Song Dynasty in China. His pen name was Kimi-zhi and his pen name was Jozan. He was from Yiyang (Jiangxi Province). He was a Jinshi in 1256 (4th year of the Baoyou era). He had a stubborn character and was once exiled for criticizing Jia Sidao, who was plotting a peace treaty with the Yuan Dynasty. When he was the governor of Shinshu (Jiangxi Province), he resisted the Yuan army but was defeated. He fled to Fujian Province, changed his name and became a fortune teller. He was later captured by the Yuan army and sent to Beijing, where he was forced to serve, but starved himself to death. His poems are solemn and tragic. He has five volumes of the "Jozanshu" (Collection of Poems). He also edited the seven volumes of the "Wenshu Jibhan" (Collection of Writings), which was widely read in China as a collection of model writings for the civil servant appointment examination and in Japan as a collection of masterpieces.

[Iseo Yokoyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、宋(そう)代の学者。字(あざな)は君直。号は畳山(じょうざん)。弋陽(よくよう)（江西省）の人。1256年（宝祐4）の進士。剛直な性格で、元(げん)との講和を画策する賈似道(かじどう)を批判して流罪にあったこともある。信州（江西省）の長官のとき、元軍に抵抗して敗れ、福建省に落ち延びて姓名を変え易者をしていた。のち元軍に捕らえられて北京(ペキン)に送られ、出仕を強要されたが断食して死んだ。その詩は沈痛悲涼。『畳山集』5巻がある。また彼の編集した『文章軌範』7巻は、中国では官吏任用試験のための模範文集として、日本では文章の名作集として広く読まれた。

［横山伊勢雄］

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