Mencken, Henry Louis

Japanese: メンケン（英語表記）Mencken， Henry Louis

Born: September 12, 1880 in Baltimore, Maryland
[Died] January 29, 1956. Baltimore, Maryland. American critic and journalist. He was involved in journalism from 1899 when he was involved with the Baltimore Morning Herald. He was in charge of the literary column of the Smart Set magazine in 1908, and later became its editor. In 1924, he co-founded the American Mercury with G. Nathan, and edited it until 1933. He attacked established values and beliefs such as Puritanism, while at the same time advocating a uniquely American literature, defending Dreiser, S. Anderson, and others, and had a great influence on young writers in the 1920s. His works The American Language (1919, revised in 1921, 1923, 1936) and its Supplements (2 volumes, 1945, 1948), which he completed using a vast amount of material from the standpoint of viewing American English as an independent language, are highly regarded. He published many critical essays, including Prejudices (six volumes, 1919-27), and an autobiography in three parts, including Happy Days (1940-43).

Menken
Menken, Adah Isaacs

[Born] 1835? New Orleans
[Died] August 10, 1868. American actress in Paris. Real name Dolores Adios Fuertes. She became successful as a dancer at the age of 13. Later, she aspired to become an actress and performed in theaters throughout the United States, London, and Paris. She was more popular for her glamorous charm than for her acting, and had many fans among the literary figures of the time, including Swinburne and Dickens.

Menken
Menken, Helen

Born: December 12, 1901, New York
[Died] March 28, 1966. New York. American actress. Debuted in 1906 as a child actress in A Midsummer Night's Dream, and gained popularity in Seventh Heaven (1922). She also appeared in Shakespeare's plays as Portia and Ophelia.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1880.9.12. メリーランド，ボルティモア
[没]1956.1.29. メリーランド，ボルティモア
アメリカの批評家，ジャーナリスト。 1899年『ボルティモア・モーニング・ヘラルド』紙に関係して以来，終生ジャーナリズムの世界で活躍。 1908年『スマート・セット』誌の文芸欄を担当，のち主宰。 1924年には G.ネーサンと『アメリカン・マーキュリー』 American Mercury誌を創刊，1933年まで編集。これに拠って，ピューリタニズムなど既成の価値や信念を攻撃，同時にアメリカ独自の文学を主張し，ドライサー，S.アンダーソンらを擁護して，1920年代の若い文学者に大きな影響を与えた。またアメリカ英語を独立した一言語とみる立場から膨大な資料を駆使して完成した『アメリカ英語』 The American Language (1919，改訂 1921，1923，1936) とその『補遺』 Supplements (2巻，1945，1948) は高く評価されている。『偏見集』 Prejudices (6巻，1919～27) など多くの評論，『幸福な日々』 Happy Daysをはじめとする3部作の自伝 (1940～43) がある。

メンケン
Menken， Adah Isaacs

[生]1835?　ニューオーリンズ
[没]1868.8.10. パリ
アメリカの女優。本名 Dolores Adios Fuertes。 13歳で踊り子として成功。のち女優を志してアメリカ各地やロンドン，パリの劇場に出演。演技よりもはなやかな魅力で人気があり，スウィンバーン，ディケンズら当時の文学者たちの間にも多くのファンをもっていた。