Peng Pai - Houhai

A leader of the peasant movement in the early days of the Chinese Communist Party. A native of Haifeng County, Guangdong Province. The son of a large landowner, he participated in the socialist movement while studying in Japan and joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. From 1922, he was the first in the country to work on organizing peasant associations, and the following year, in 1923, he established the Guangdong Provincial Peasant Association. In 1924, he became secretary and organizational director of the Kuomintang Central Peasant Department, which was established after the First Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation, and was the first director of the Peasant Movement Training Institute. In 1927, he became a central executive committee member at the Fifth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, participated in the Nanchang Uprising, and traveled south to Haifeng, where he established the Hailufeng Soviet. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1928, he went to Shanghai and served as a member of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee and secretary of the Agriculture Committee. In 1929, he was captured by the Kuomintang after being informed off, and was shot to death.

[Endo Setsuo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国共産党初期の農民運動指導者。広東(カントン)省海豊県の人。大地主の息子で、日本留学中に社会主義運動に参加、1921年中国共産党に入党した。1922年から全国に先駆けて農会の組織化に取り組み、翌1923年には広東省農会を成立させた。1924年、第一次国共合作後に創設された国民党中央農民部の秘書、組織幹事、農民運動講習所の第一期主任となった。1927年中国共産党第五期全国代表大会で中央執行委員となり、南昌(なんしょう)暴動に参加、南下して海豊に戻り、海陸豊(かいりくほう)ソビエトを成立させた。1928年海陸豊ソビエト崩壊後、上海(シャンハイ)に赴き、党江蘇(こうそ)省委委員、農業委員会書記として活動、1929年密告により国民党に捕らえられ、銃殺された。

［遠藤節昭］

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