1772‐1844 French comparative anatomist. After the Revolution, he became professor of zoology at the Jardin des Plantes, which became the National Museum of Natural History, and became a colleague of JB de Lamarck. He later invited GLC Cuvier to join him. He argued that all animals are created according to a single plan, and that the relative positions of each organ are structurally invariant (the principle of place function). The functions of living organisms are determined by this structure. He also argued that differences in the form of individual organisms are due to the fact that the loss of one part is compensated for by the expansion of another, maintaining balance as a whole (the principle of mutual compensation of parts). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1772‐1844 フランスの比較解剖学者。革命後国立自然史博物館となったジャルダン・デ・プラントの動物学教授に就任し,J.B.deラマルクの同僚となった。また後にG.L.C.キュビエを招請した。すべての動物が単一のプランのもとにつくられているとし,各器官の相互の位置が構造的に不変であることを主張した(場所機能の原理)。生物体の諸機能はこうした構造によって規定される。また個々の生物の形態の差異は,一部分の欠損が他の部分の拡大によって補充されて全体としては均衡を保持している(部分相互補塡の原理)ためだとした。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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