Giga (English spelling) Caricature and cartoon

Japanese: 戯画 - ぎが（英語表記）caricature and cartoon

A humorous or satirical painting. In Japan, humorous and satirical caricatures created by professional artists with the aim of reaching the public are said to have been produced in the Choju Jinbutsu Giga (Caricatures of Animals and Animals) from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period. Prior to that, there were carved human figures found on vases from the Jomon period, human and animal caricatures on the coffered ceiling of the Golden Hall of Horyuji Temple from the Nara period, human genre caricatures on the back of the pedestals of the Bonten and Taishakuten statues at Toshodaiji Temple, and human figure caricatures on the walls of the Phoenix Hall from the Heian period, but most of these were not intended to reach the public and remained humorous in content. It is also used as a term to humbly describe a painting that one has drawn. (→ Caricature)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

滑稽化，風刺化して描かれた絵。日本で専門画家により衆目に触れることを目的として，滑稽でしかも風刺的な内容の戯画が描かれたのは平安末期～鎌倉初期の『鳥獣人物戯画』が最初とされる。それ以前には縄文時代の壺にみる線刻の人物戯画，奈良時代のものとしては法隆寺金堂格天井の人物や動物戯画，唐招提寺の梵天，帝釈天像の台座裏の人物風俗戯画，平安時代には鳳凰堂壁画の人物戯画などがあるが，これらの多くは衆目に触れることを目的とせず，滑稽な内容のものにとどまっている。自分の描いた絵を謙遜していう場合の用語としても使う。 (→カリカチュア ) 　

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