What is the disease? Polydactyly is the formation of extra fingers due to duplication. It is the most common congenital hand abnormality, occurring in approximately 1 in every 1,000 births. What is the cause?Polydactyly may be seen alone, or may be seen as a partial symptom of congenital malformation syndromes (Meckel-Gruber syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, etc.). Mutations in the causative genes (HOX, GLI, etc.) have recently been found in some syndromes. Testing and diagnosisPolydactyly is usually diagnosed at birth, but it is often detected during fetal development by ultrasound. After birth, the baby is first examined by a pediatrician to determine whether there are any other physical abnormalities. An orthopedic surgeon is also consulted to determine whether and when surgery is necessary. X-rays are taken to evaluate the shape of the phalanges. Treatment methods The extra fingers may be completely formed or simply a thin mass of flesh. For the latter, the stem is tied with silk thread. What to do if you notice an illnessIf the extra digit is large and cannot be treated with ligation or excision, the child will be referred to a pediatric orthopedic specialist. Miyabi Mizuguchi Polydactyly |
どんな病気か 多指症とは、発生の重複により、過剰な指が形成されたものを指します。手の先天異常のうち最も多く、出生1000人に対し1人前後の頻度でみられます。 原因は何か多指症は単独でみられることもありますが、先天奇形症候群(メッケル・グルーバー症候群、バーデット・ビードル症候群など)の部分症状としてみられることもあります。一部の症候群では最近、原因となった遺伝子(HOX、GLIなど)の変異が、発見されています。 検査と診断多指症の診断は、出生時にすぐにわかりますが、胎児期に超音波検査で判明することも少なくありません。出生後、まず体に他の異常が合併していないかどうか、小児科医の診察を受けます。また整形外科専門医の診察を受け、手術の可否、時期について相談します。X線撮影で指骨の形態を評価してもらいます。 治療の方法 過剰な指は完全な指としての形態をもつ場合から、単なる肉塊が細い 後者に対しては、茎部を絹糸で 病気に気づいたらどうする過剰な指が大きく、結紮や切除で治療できない場合には、小児の整形外科専門医の診察を受けます。 水口 雅 多指症
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