Intelligent Transport Systems. A new transport system that aims to solve various issues such as eliminating traffic accidents and congestion, saving energy, and coexisting with the environment by linking information on people, roads, and vehicles with the latest information and communication technology. ITS in Japan is mainly targeted at road transport, but it can also be applied to rail, marine, and air transport. Examples of ITS currently in use and familiar to us include car navigation systems, Vehicle Information and Communications Service (VICS), Electronic Toll Payment Systems (ETC) for expressways, and bus location systems that tell you the current location of a bus and the waiting time at a bus stop. ITS organizations are located in three regions: Europe, America, and Asia-Pacific, and each year these three organizations work together to hold the ITS World Congress. The first world conference was held in Paris in 1994, with the second one held in Yokohama in 1995, at which point the term "ITS" became established as a globally shared term. After that, in Japan, the "Overall Plan for Promoting ITS" was formulated in July 1996 by five relevant government ministries and agencies, and as the first stage, research and development of the aforementioned car navigation systems, VICS, ETC, and other systems was promoted. These research and development projects, along with the growth of the car navigation market, are known around the world as a Japanese ITS success story. After the 11th ITS World Congress held in Nagoya in 2004, the "ITS Promotion Guidelines" were compiled in Japan as the second stage of ITS promotion, and a project aiming to create "the safest road traffic society in the world" was launched under public-private partnership. These guidelines are based on three basic concepts: "safety and security," as represented by the development and practical application of "Advanced Safety Vehicles (ASV)," automobiles equipped with systems to support the driver in safe driving; "environment and efficiency," which considers CO2 reduction and streamlining logistics; and "comfort and convenience," which creates a ubiquitous network environment. At the 20th World Congress held in Tokyo in 2013, demonstrations were held of the "DSSS driving safety support systems," which is being led by the National Police Agency, and the "ITS Spot Service," which is run by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and others and can receive wide-area traffic congestion data and information on falling objects and snow, and more than 20,000 people from 65 countries around the world participated. (Yokota Kazuki ICT Director / 2014) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
高度道路交通システム。人と道路と車両に関する情報を最新の情報通信技術で結びつけることによって、交通事故や渋滞の解消、省エネや環境との共存など、様々な課題の解決を目的とする新しい交通システム。日本におけるITSは主に道路交通を対象とするが、道路交通の他に鉄道、海運、航空の交通も対象となりうる。 現在展開されている身近なITSには、「カーナビゲーションシステム」や、「道路交通情報提供サービス(VICS)」、高速道路の「自動料金支払システム(ETC)」、そして、バスの現在地やバス停での待ち時間が分かる「バスロケーションシステム」などがある。 ITS団体は、欧州、米国、アジア・太平洋の3地域にあり、毎年これら3団体が連携して、ITS世界会議を開催している。世界会議は1994年(パリで開催)より始まり、95年に横浜で第2回の世界会議が実施され、この時に「ITS」という言葉が世界共通の用語として定着した。その後、日本国内では、96年7月に「ITS推進に関する全体構想」が関係5省庁によって策定され、ファーストステージとして、前述のカーナビ、VICS、ETCなどの研究開発が推進された。これらの研究開発は、カーナビ市場の成長とともに日本のITSの成功事例として世界に知られている。 また、2004年に名古屋で開催された第11回世界会議の後、国内では、ITS推進のセカンドステージとして、「ITS推進の指針」が取りまとめられ、「世界一安全な道路交通社会」を目指すプロジェクトが官民連携のもとに進められることとなった。この指針は、ドライバーの安全運転を支援するシステムを搭載した自動車「先進安全自動車(ASV)」の開発と実用化に代表される「安全・安心」、CO2削減、物流の効率化などを考える「環境・効率」、そして、ユビキタスネットワーク環境を構築する「快適・利便」の三つを基本概念とするものである。 13年に東京で開催された第20回世界会議では、警察庁が中心となって進めている「安全運転支援システム(DSSS driving safety support systems)」や、国土交通省等による、広範囲の渋滞データや落下物や雪の情報などが受信できる「ITSスポットサービス」のデモンストレーションなどが行われ、世界65か国、2万人以上が参加した。 (横田一輝 ICTディレクター / 2014年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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