Born: March 10, 1135, Cordoba [died] December 13, 1204. Cairo Jewish philosopher, legal scholar, physician, and Jewish rabbi. Born to a noble family in Cordoba, Spain. In 1148, he fled to Egypt via Morocco and Palestine to escape the oppression of the Jews by the Almohad dynasty, who conquered Cordoba. In 65, he served as a physician to the royal court and the head of the Jewish residents in Egypt. His ideas were based on Neoplatonic Aristotelian philosophy and were characterized by thorough systematic analysis. Kitab alSirag (68), a commentary on the Mishnah, uses knowledge of archaeology, theology, and science to explain individual words and phrases. The Mishneh Torah, a systematization of Jewish law, was written in Hebrew. His attitude was extremely rationalistic, did not accept magic, and understood resurrection as the immortality of the soul. His greatest philosophical work is Dalālat al-Hā'irīn (85), a guide for the lost, which aims to combine science, philosophy and religion. This book was later translated into major European languages and has had a great influence in many fields. Other surviving works include the letter Sefer haMitzwot (Book of the Law). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1135.3.10. コルドバ [没]1204.12.13. カイロ ユダヤ人哲学者,律法学者,医者,ユダヤ教ラビ。スペインのコルドバの名家の出身。 1148年,コルドバを征服したムワッヒド朝のユダヤ人弾圧を避け,モロッコ,パレスチナを経て 65年にエジプトに移った。エジプトでは宮廷付き医師およびユダヤ居留民の長として活躍。その思想は,新プラトン主義的アリストテレス哲学に立ち,組織的な徹底を特色としている。『光明の書』 Kitab alSirag (68) は,ミシュナの注解書で,個々の語句の説明に,考古学,神学,科学の知識を用いている。『ミシュネー・トーラー』 Mishneh Torahは,ユダヤ法の体系化であり,ヘブライ語で書かれている。彼の態度はきわめて合理主義的であり,魔術を認めず,復活に関してもそれを魂の不死として理解する。哲学面での代表作は『迷える人々のための導き』 Dalālat al-Hā'irīn (85) で,科学,哲学,宗教の融合を目指すものであった。この書はのちにヨーロッパ主要語に翻訳され,各方面に影響を与えた。このほか書簡『律法の書』 Sefer haMitzwotなどが残っている。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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