translocation

Japanese: translocation
translocation

...Therefore, this map is also called a linkage map.
[Cytological map]
A translocation occurs when a segment of one chromosome is broken off and attached to another chromosome. The genes on the translocated chromosome remain linked to each other, but the relationships between the genes on the other chromosomes are completely changed by the translocation.

From [Mutation]


[Chromosomal Mutation]
Originally, this term referred to structural changes in chromosomes that could be observed with an optical microscope, such as the shape of chromosomes during metaphase of somatic cell division, the state of chromosome pairing during metaphase of meiosis, and the banding of giant chromosomes such as the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila, but it now includes minute changes that can be detected by genetic analysis, electron microscopy, chemical analysis, etc. These include deletions, in which parts of chromosomes (either terminal or intermediate parts) are lost, translocations, in which parts of chromosomes are transferred to other parts of the same chromosome or to other chromosomes, duplications, in which parts of chromosomes are added adjacent to or to other parts of their original location, and inversions, in which the orientation of parts of chromosomes is reversed (Figure 2). All of these are thought to be caused by abnormal recombination, such as chromosome breakage and recombination, unequal recombination, and non-homologous chromosome recombination (Figure 3).

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "translocation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…したがってこの地図は連鎖地図linkage mapとも呼ばれる。
[細胞学的地図cytological map]
 ある染色体の一部分が切断されて他の染色体にくっつくと転座translocationという現象がおこる。転座した染色体の部分にある遺伝子は相互に連鎖を維持するが,それ以外の部分にある遺伝子との関係は転座によってまったく一変する。…

【突然変異】より


[染色体突然変異]
 これは元来,光学顕微鏡で観察できる染色体の構造変化,たとえば体細胞分裂中期の染色体の形態,減数分裂中期の染色体対合の状態,ショウジョウバエの唾腺(だせん)染色体のような巨大染色体の縞模様などによって解析されるものを指したが,現在では遺伝解析,電子顕微鏡観察,化学分析などによって検出できる微小なものも含めるようになっている。その中には,染色体の一部(末端部分の場合も中間部分の場合もある)が消失した欠失deletion,染色体の一部が同一染色体の別の場所または別の染色体に移った転座translocation,染色体の一部が本来の場所に隣接または別の場所に付け加わった重複duplication,染色体の一部の方向性が逆になった逆位inversionなどがある(図2)。いずれも染色体の切断‐再結合および不等組換え,非相同染色体組換えなどの異常組換えによって生じると考えられている(図3)。…

※「translocation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

<<:  Transmigration

>>:  Trans Jordan

Recommend

Minamoto no Yukiie - Yukiie of Minamoto

A military commander from the end of the Heian pe...

Inou Jakusui

A herbalist of the mid-Edo period. His name was N...

Ooka's Political Discussion - Ooka's Political Discussion

A general term for a group of about 90 stories of...

Playground - Sports ground

A specific location equipped with the equipment a...

Interview record with Ito Ritsu

...Hershel's activities are true, but the con...

Yellow slug - Yellow slug

→Scarlet slug Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nip...

Democracy in America

…During this period, universal suffrage for white...

engineer

(noun) engineer in the fields of machinery, civil ...

Everglades

A marsh and grassy wetland in southern Florida, Un...

Guinean - Guinean

...black skin, broad nose, slender body. (2) Guin...

Yoshitada Okazaki

...A medieval samurai family whose main territory...

Mr. Ogata

A group of warriors in Bungo Province during the H...

Takeshi Osatake

Judicial officer and historian. Born on January 2...

Tove Jansson

A Finnish female painter and children's autho...

Arges (English spelling)

...When Odysseus and his men arrived on the islan...