backmarsh

Japanese: backmarsh
backmarsh

...On the other hand, in the lowlands behind natural levees, the high riverbanks prevent floodwaters from returning to their original course, and the area often becomes flooded. Such poorly drained areas behind slight elevations are called backmarshes, and are made up of finer silt and clay deposits than the sandy sediments of natural levees. In general, large rivers tend to have large natural levees, while small rivers tend to have small ones. However, the size of natural levees can vary considerably depending on the presence or absence of a basin in the river basin and the geological conditions of the upstream area.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "backmarsh" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一方,自然堤防の背後の低地では,河岸の高まりのため洪水時にあふれ出た水が元の流路に戻らず,しばしば湛水するようになる。このような微高地背後の排水不良地は後背湿地backmarshとよばれ,砂質堆積物より成る自然堤防に比べて細粒の,シルト・粘土質堆積物によって構成されている。 一般に,大河川のつくる自然堤防は大きく,小河川のものは小さいという傾向をもつが,流域内の盆地の有無,上流域の地質条件などの違いによっても自然堤防の規模にかなりの違いが認められる。…

※「backmarsh」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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