Lord Tsuchimikado

A mansion from the mid-Heian period, also known as Jotomontei or Kyogokudono. Located in Sakyo 1-jo 4-bo, an upscale residential area of ​​Heian-kyo, this mansion was the stage for the prosperity of Fujiwara no Michinaga. Michinaga acquired it when he married Minamoto no Rinshi, and expanded its original size of one cho to two cho from north to south. Rinshi's four daughters, including Shoshi, the eldest daughter of Emperor Ichijo's Empress, and Kenshi, the second daughter of Emperor Sanjo's Empress, were also born in this house, as were the three emperors Goichijo, Gosuzaku, and Goreizei, and it later became the Satodairi (village palace) for these three emperors. Two years later, in 1018 (Kannin 2), the Tsuchimikado Palace was rebuilt with the help of the Zuryo (seniors), and all the necessary furniture and furnishings were donated by Mino no Kami Minamoto no Yorimitsu. On October 16 of that year, Ishi (the third daughter, born to Michiko), who had been married to Emperor Goichijo (whose mother was Shoshi), became the Empress Dowager (Michinaga had three empresses, Empress Dowager Shoshi, Empress Dowager Kenshi, and Empress Ishi, all monopolized by his daughters), and a celebration was held at the new residence. Looking at the brilliant full moon, Michinaga, feeling drunk, composed the following poem: "I think of this world as my own, and that the full moon will never be crescent" (Shoyuki). A week later, the three empresses and Emperor Goichijo and the Crown Prince (later Emperor Gosuzaku) gathered to Michinaga's delight.

[Oboroya Hisashi]

"Study of Shinden-zukuri Style by Seiroku Ohta (1987, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)" ▽ "Heian Aristocrats and Their Residences by Hisashi Oborodani (2000, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安時代中期の邸宅で上東門第(じょうとうもんてい)、京極殿(きょうごくどの)ともいう。平安京左京1条4坊つまり高級住宅域に所在し、藤原道長の栄華の舞台となった邸宅。道長は源倫子(みなもとのりんし)との結婚により取得、当初は1町の広さであったものを南北2町に拡大した。一条天皇中宮の長女彰子(しょうし)、三条天皇中宮の次女妍子(けんし)ら倫子腹の4人の娘と彼女たちが産んだ後一条・後朱雀(ごすざく)・後冷泉(ごれいぜい)の3天皇もこの家で生まれ、のちにはこの3天皇の里内裏(さとだいり)にもなった。隣家の火事で類焼した土御門殿は2年後の1018年（寛仁2）に受領(ずりょう)たちの奉仕で再建され、必要な家具調度の一切を美濃守源頼光が寄進した。その年の10月16日、後一条天皇（母は彰子）に入っていた女御の威子(いし)（三女。倫子腹）が中宮となり（太皇太后彰子、皇太后妍子、皇后威子と三后(さんこう)を道長は娘で独占）、その祝宴が新邸で行われた。皓々と照る満月を見ながら酔い気分の道長は「この世をば我が世とぞ思ふ望月の欠けたることもなしと思へば」と詠んだ（『小右記』(しょうゆうき)）。1週間後には三后と後一条天皇・東宮(とうぐう)（のちの後朱雀天皇）が顔をそろえ道長を喜ばせた。

［朧谷　寿］

『太田静六著『寝殿造の研究』（1987・吉川弘文館）』▽『朧谷寿著『平安貴族と邸第』（2000・吉川弘文館）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例