X-legs - Knock Knee

Japanese: X脚 - えっくすきゃく(英語表記)Knock Knee
X-legs - Knock Knee
[What kind of disease is it?]
When standing, both legs are deformed and convex inward, with the space between the ankles appearing to be X-shaped.
A deformity on only one side is called genu valgum, while a deformity on both sides is called bowed legs.
A child's legs begin to become bowed (physiological bowed legs) from around the age of 3, and by around the age of 7, they will have straightened out and resembled adult's legs.
Therefore, bow legs in children aged 7 or older are considered abnormal.
[Symptoms]
If the distance between your ankles is more than five fingers, then there is a deformity.
Children with bow legs have extremely loose joints all over the body (joint laxity), so when they stand, their knees often arch backwards (genu recurvatum) and their feet arch side to side, resulting in a low arch in the sole of the foot (pes planus).
When this type of joint laxity is present throughout the body, some children may lack agility and be prone to falling, and their knees may be put under strain, causing leg pain at night when they sleep.
X-rays of most children show no pathological changes in their bones, but in rare cases, some children may have bone-related diseases.
[Treatment]
Most bow legs are an age-related deformity that will be corrected naturally as you grow.
Therefore, regular follow-up is sufficient.
In the past, corrective shoes were used to treat the condition, just like bow legs, but the treatment effect is no longer used as there is no difference compared to natural correction.
However, bow legs caused by bone-related disease may require surgery.

Source: Shogakukan Home Medical Library Information

Japanese:
[どんな病気か]
 立ったときに、両側の脚(あし)が内側に凸に変形していて、両足のくるぶしの間が開いてX型に見える状態をいいます。
 片側だけの変形は外反膝(がいはんしつ)といい、両側性の外反膝がX脚です。
 子どもの脚は、3歳ころからX脚になり(生理的X脚)、7歳ころに、だいたいまっすぐになって、おとなの脚に似てきます。
 したがって、7歳以上になってX脚があるときは、異常といえます。
[症状]
 両足のくるぶしの間が、指5本分以上開いていれば、変形があると考えます。
 X脚の子どもは、全身の関節が著しくやわらかい(関節弛緩(かんせつしかん))ので、立ったときに、膝(ひざ)がうしろのほうにそり返ったり(反張膝(はんちょうしつ))、足が左右の方向にそっているため足裏のアーチ(土踏まず)が低い状態(外反扁平足(がいはんへんぺいそく))がよくみられます。
 この全身の関節弛緩がみられる場合には、運動に機敏さがなく、転倒しやすいとか、膝に無理がかかりやすいので、夜、寝ているときに脚が痛むという子もいます。
 X線写真では、骨に病的な変化がみられない子どもがほとんどですが、まれに、骨にかかわる病気をもった子どももいます。
[治療]
 X脚の大部分は、年齢的な変形で、成長するとともに、自然に矯正されます。
 ですから、定期的な経過観察だけで十分です。
 以前はO脚と同様、矯正靴を使って治療していましたが、その治療効果は、自然矯正と差がみられないことから、現在は使われていません。
 ただし、骨にかかわる病気が原因でおこったX脚は、手術が必要なことがあります。

出典 小学館家庭医学館について 情報

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