An organ containing neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk or head of crustaceans (shrimp, crabs, etc.). There are two types of X organs, but together they are called Hanström's organ. When they were discovered by the Italian anatomist G. Bellonci in 1882, their function was unknown and they were called X organs. The first X organ is located in the terminal spinal ganglion and consists of epithelial cells, a small blood sinus, and nerve endings from the second X organ, and connects to a sensory pore near the base of the compound eye. The second X organ is located at the base of the optic lobe and consists of large neurosecretory cells. The axon terminals of these cells end in the sinus gland and the first X organ. Hormones secreted by neurosecretory cells are involved in the inhibition of molting, inhibition of ovarian development, concentration of pigment granules in chromatophores, and regulation of water and electrolyte metabolism. [Seiichiro Kawashima] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
甲殻類(エビ、カニなど)の眼柄または頭部にある、神経分泌細胞を含んだ器官。2種のX器官があるが、あわせてハンストレム器官ともよばれる。これがイタリアの解剖学者ベロンチG. Bellonciによって発見された1882年当時は、機能が不明なのでX器官とよばれた。第一のX器官は終髄神経節にあり、上皮性の細胞、小血洞、第二のX器官からくる神経末端からなり、複眼基部近くの感覚孔に連絡している。第二のX器官は脳視葉の基部にあり、大形神経分泌細胞からなる。この軸索末端はサイナス腺(せん)と第一のX器官に終わる。神経分泌細胞の分泌するホルモンは、脱皮抑制、卵巣発達抑制、色素胞の色素粒の集中、水や電解質の代謝調節に関係している。 [川島誠一郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
Scientific name: Euscaphis japonica Plant. Deciduo...
An evergreen tall tree of the Euphorbiaceae famil...
Old Joruri. Authentic local produce Real thing 6th...
…The order of ionization tendency of the major el...
...In 1931, K. Gödel first formulated it as a pri...
… [History and issues] Legislation of this kind d...
...The fact that the term 'difkan', which...
The capital of Chimborazo Province in central Ecua...
…[Yoshiharu Iijima]. … *Some of the terminology t...
Roman Emperor (reigned 293-305 as co-emperor, 305...
Also known as Chandler motion. The period of one c...
A title for Kabuki and Joruri. Original title The ...
This is a cave site from the early Jomon period in...
A former town in Isumi County in the southeastern ...
1886‐1978 Spanish writer. He qualified as an engin...