Main house - Mist

(1) The part of the building with the central beam, also written as "shinsha." It is the main part of the building in contrast to the eaves, and a tie beam is placed on the outside of the main building, to which the eaves are attached. Buildings with only the main building, or with eaves on both the front and back of the main building, have gabled roofs, while those with eaves on all four sides have hipped or gabled roofs. This basic principle remains the same for Buddhist temples, shrine buildings, and the sleeping quarters and facings of the shinden-zukuri style. (2) An abbreviation of "main roof beam." A beam that supports the rafters of the roof. A horizontal member that runs parallel to the ridge beam and supports the sheathing boards and rafters halfway between the ridge beam and the entry beam. (3) The main building of a house. The main house where the family lives is called the main house or omoya, as opposed to accessory buildings such as gates, storehouses, and barns.

[Kudou Yoshiaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

（1）建物の中央の大梁(おおばり)を架けた部分をいい、身舎とも書く。庇(ひさし)に対して建物の主体をなす部分で、母屋の外側に繋(つなぎ)梁を架け、庇が取り付けられる。母屋のみ、あるいは母屋の前後両面に庇がつく建物は、屋根が切妻(きりづま)造となり、四面に庇がつく場合は入母屋(いりもや)もしくは寄棟(よせむね)造となる。仏堂や神社建築、あるいは寝殿造の寝殿や対(たい)などもこの基本は変わらない。（2）母屋桁(げた)の略。屋根の垂木(たるき)を受ける桁。棟(むな)桁に平行して、入側(いりかわ)桁との中間で野地板や垂木を支える水平材をいう。（3）住宅の主屋。門、倉、納屋(なや)などの付属屋に対して、家族の居住する主屋を母屋(もや)または母屋(おもや)という。

［工藤圭章］

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