Béjart, Maurice

Japanese: ベジャール(英語表記)Béjart, Maurice
Béjart, Maurice
Born: January 1, 1927, Marseille, France
[Died] November 22, 2007. Lausanne, Switzerland. French dancer and choreographer. His real name was Maurice-Jean Berger. He was the son of philosopher Gaston Berger. He started ballet at the age of 14, debuted in 1945, and joined Roland Petit's Ballet de Paris in 1947. After dancing with ballet companies in England and Sweden, he formed the Ballet de Étoile (later renamed Ballet Théâtre de Paris) with Jean Rolland in 1954. In 1955, he choreographed Symphonie pour un homme seul (Symphonie for a lonely man), a work themed on existentialism in musique concrète, which attracted attention. In 1959, he premiered Igor F. Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring at the Royal Opera House of Belgium, and gained fame for his innovative choreography. In 1960, he founded the Ballet de la Série 20th Century, which grew into one of the world's most famous ballet companies. He released a succession of popular works, which were performed all over the world. He was called a "modern revolutionary," and revived classical ballet, which had been the product of a specific society or era, as a comprehensive art that could be applied to all societies. His works range from theatrical and philosophical to religious and ceremonial in nature. In 1987, he moved his base from Brussels, Belgium to Lausanne, Switzerland, and formed the Béjart Ballet Lausanne, starting anew. His representative works include Bolero (1961), Nijinsky: The Divine Clown (1971), The Kabuki (1986), based on Chushingura, and The Ring of the Nibelung (1990). Since his first visit to Japan in 1967, he has performed in Japan 12 times. He was awarded the Kyoto Prize in 1999.

Bejart
Béjart, Madeleine

Born: January 8, 1618.
[Died] February 17, 1672. Paris. French actress. She is also known as the lover of Molière, who inspired him to pursue a career in acting. She was already a well-known actress in southern France before 1643, but in Molière's company, especially after she came to Paris in 1658, she was content with modest roles such as the maid Dorine in Tartuffe. She not only helped Molière as the leader of the troupe, but also arranged for her sister Armand (→ Béjart) to marry Molière, and retired from the company herself.

Bejart
Béjart, Armande Grésinde Claire Elisabeth

[Born] Around 1642
[Died] November 30, 1700. Paris. French actress. Wife of Molière. Sister of M. Béjart. Some say she was his daughter. After marrying Molière in 1662, she first appeared on stage under the stage name Mademoiselle Molière, and gained popularity for her flamboyant style of performance. After her husband's death, she organized the theater company, merging it with the Guénégaux troupe, and established the foundation of the Comédie-Française.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1927.1.1. フランス,マルセイユ
[没]2007.11.22. スイス,ローザンヌ
フランスの舞踊家,振付家。本名 Maurice-Jean Berger。哲学者ガストン・ベルジェの子。 14歳でバレエを始め,1945年デビュー,1947年ローラン・プチのバレエ・ド・パリに入団。イギリスやスウェーデンのバレエ団で踊ったのち,1954年ジャン・ローランとともにバレエ・ド・エトアール (のちにバレエ・テアトル・ド・パリに改称) を結成,1955年ミュジック・コンクレートによる実存主義をテーマにした作品『孤独な男のためのシンフォニー』 Symphonie pour un homme seulを振り付け,注目を浴びた。 1959年ベルギー王立モネ・オペラ劇場でイーゴリ・F.ストラビンスキー作曲の『春の祭典』を初演し,斬新な振り付けによって名声を博した。 1960年二十世紀バレエ団を創設,世界で最も有名なバレエ団の一つに育てた。次々と話題作を発表し,世界各地で上演。「現代の革命児」といわれ,特定の社会や時代の産物となっていたクラシック・バレエをあらゆる社会に通じる総合芸術として復興した。作品は演劇的,哲学的なものから宗教・祭式的な性格をもつものまで幅広い。 1987年ベルギーのブリュッセルからスイスのローザンヌに本拠を移し,ベジャール・バレエ・ローザンヌを結成,再出発した。代表作に,『ボレロ』 (1961) ,『ニジンスキー・神の道化』 (1971) ,『忠臣蔵』をもとにした『ザ・カブキ』 (1986) ,『ニーベルングの指輪』 (1990) などがある。 1967年の初訪日以来,12回の日本公演を行なった。 1999年京都賞受賞。

ベジャール
Béjart, Madeleine

[生]1618.1.8.
[没]1672.2.17. パリ
フランスの女優。モリエールに芝居の道を歩ませるきっかけとなった恋人としても知られる。 1643年以前すでに南フランスを中心に名を知られた女優であったが,モリエールの劇団では,特に 58年パリに来て以降,『タルチュフ』のドリーヌのような下女役など地味な役で満足し,一座のまとめ役としてモリエールを助けたばかりでなく,妹アルマンド (→ベジャール ) をモリエールと結婚させ,自分は身をひいた。

ベジャール
Béjart, Armande Grésinde Claire Elisabeth

[生]1642頃
[没]1700.11.30. パリ
フランスの女優。モリエールの妻。 M.ベジャールの妹。娘という説もある。 1662年モリエールと結婚後,モリエール嬢の芸名で初めて舞台に立ち,はなやかな芸風で人気を博した。夫の死後は劇団をまとめて,ゲネゴー一座と合併し,コメディー・フランセーズの基礎をつくった。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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