Viola da gamba (English spelling) [Italy]

Japanese: ビオラ・ダ・ガンバ(英語表記)viola da gamba[イタリア]
Viola da gamba (English spelling) [Italy]
The name of a family of stringed instruments. Two types of bowed stringed instruments coexisted in Europe during the Renaissance and Baroque periods: the viola da gamba (meaning viola of the leg) and the viola da braccio (viola of the arm, violin). Each family is made up of similar instruments of different sizes. The former was valued for chamber music, the latter for festival, theater, and church music. JJ Rousseau's words, "The gamba to soothe the heart, the violin to enliven," well describe the characteristics of these two instruments.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
弦楽器の一族の名称。ルネサンス・バロック時代のヨーロッパには2種類の弓奏弦楽器が共存していた。ビオラ・ダ・ガンバ(脚のビオラの意)と,ビオラ・ダ・ブラッチョviola da braccio(腕のビオラ。バイオリン)である。おのおの大小相似の楽器で一族を構成している。前者は室内楽に,後者は祝祭・劇場・教会の音楽に尊重された。J.J.ルソーの〈心を和らげるためにガンバを,活気づけるためにバイオリンを〉という言葉は,この二つの楽器の性格をよく表している。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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