Japanese Iris (Iris spp.) - Japanese Iris spp.

Japanese: ハナショウブ(花菖蒲) - ハナショウブ

A perennial plant of the Iridaceae family, a typical early summer garden plant in Japan. It is a cultivated and improved version of the Nohanasoubu, which grows wild in mountain grasslands throughout Japan and East Asia and blooms reddish purple in June and July. It differs from Ayame and Kakitsubata in that the midvein of the sword-shaped leaves is significantly raised. Many varieties were created mainly after the Edo period, and there are three types: Edo (Tokyo) Hanasoubu, which was created in the iris garden in Horikiri on the outskirts of Edo, Higo (Kumamoto) Hanasoubu, which has wide and gorgeous petals, and Ise Hanasoubu, which has gracefully drooping petals. All of them have larger flowers than the wild species, and the flower colors are purple, white, pale pink, or those with stripes or edges, and the flower shapes include double and lion-shaped. There is also a group called Nagai Koshu, which is known as a group of garden varieties that retain the charm of the original Nohanasoubu. There is also a garden variety that bears yellow flowers that was created by crossing with Iris pseudacorus, which is native to Europe. It is grown as an ornamental plant in pots and iris fields, and is propagated by division.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

アヤメ科の多年草で，日本の代表的な初夏の園芸植物。日本各地，東アジアの山地草原に自生し，６〜７月に赤紫色の花を開くノハナショウブを栽培改良したもの。アヤメ，カキツバタとは剣状葉の中脈が著しく隆起している点で異なる。品種が多数作られたのは主として江戸時代以後で，江戸郊外堀切の菖蒲園で作られた江戸（東京）ハナショウブと，これから作出された花弁の幅が広く豪華な肥後（熊本）ハナショウブ，花弁が優美に垂れ下がる伊勢ハナショウブの３系統がある。いずれも野生種に比べると大輪で，花色も紫，白，淡紅，それらの絞り，覆輪があり，花型にも八重咲，獅子(しし)咲等がある。このほか長井古種と呼ばれる一群があり，原種のノハナショウブの趣を残す園芸品種群として知られている。さらに，ヨーロッパ原産のキショウブとの交雑により生まれた黄色花をつける園芸品種もある。鉢植，菖蒲田で観賞栽培され，株分けでふやす。
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