Marcus Alonzo Hanna

American businessman and politician. Born in Ohio on September 24th, Hannah was active as a businessman. He also showed an interest in politics, and supported Ohio politician W. McKinley. He demonstrated his keen and skillful political skills, and in 1896, he got McKinley nominated as the Republican presidential candidate. In the presidential election, he led the Republican National Committee, raised huge amounts of campaign funds from companies and businessmen, and conducted an unprecedented amount of advertising, which led to McKinley (the 25th president, in office 1897-1901) being elected. In 1997, he was elected to the U.S. Senate. He also led the 1900 presidential election, and McKinley was re-elected. Hannah was certainly a defender of business interests, but he also supported the right of workers to organize, and advocated an arbitration system for labor-management disputes. He also played a central role in the National Civic Federation (a labor-management cooperation organization consisting of representatives of business, labor, and the public interest), which was formed in 1900.

[Ryo Yokoyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

アメリカ合衆国の実業家、政治家。9月24日オハイオ州に生まれ、実業家として活躍。政治にも関心を示し、同州の政治家W・マッキンリーを後援し、鋭敏で巧妙な政治力を発揮し、1896年その共和党大統領候補指名を実現した。大統領選挙においては、共和党全国委員長として陣頭指揮をとり、企業や実業人から巨額の選挙資金を集め、空前の大量宣伝を繰り広げ、マッキンリー（第25代、在任1897～1901）の当選を勝ちとった。97年連邦上院議員に選出された。1900年の大統領選挙でも指揮をとりマッキンリー再選を果たした。ハナは、確かに実業利益の擁護者であったが、一方において労働者の組織権を支持し、労使紛争の仲裁制度を提唱、1900年に結成された全国市民連盟National Civic Federation（実業、労働、公益の三者の代表よりなる労使協調組織）でも中心的役割を果たした。

［横山　良］

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