Euridice

Japanese: 《エウリディーチェ》 - えうりでぃーちぇ
Euridice

...As a result, opera was born, and solo singing with basso continuo was created, which became one of the foundations of the Baroque style. The Camerata's Euridice (1600), with a libretto by Ottavio Rinuccini (1562-1621) and music by Peri, is the oldest opera that has been handed down to the present day. Opera was then passed on to the court of Mantua (with Monteverdi's Orfeo, etc.), and after the construction of a public theater in Venice in 1637, it flourished as a civic art in Venice, Rome, and then Naples. ...

From [Opera]


[Opera and the Audience]
Incidentally, the art of opera, which has a strong sensory appeal that combines sight and sound and has an extremely strong impact on listeners, has a history of being often used by national regimes and, conversely, censored. Opera was once an accompaniment to the lavish celebrations of marriages between dynasties, including J. Peri's Euridice, the oldest surviving opera. In the 19th century, the performance of opera was sometimes considered dangerous because it could inflame the momentum for nationalist independence movements and socialist revolution, and Verdi's operas, in which he himself participated in the independence movement of his home country, were often subject to censorship.

From [Perry]

...From about 1590, he became a singer for the Medici family, and during the reign of Cosimo II (1609-21) he became the court's musical director. In the late 1580s, an academy called the Camerata was formed in Florence, where poets, musicians, and theorists, patronized by the Medici aristocrats (Counts Bardi and Corsi), continued to work on reviving the recitation techniques of ancient Greek tragedy. Peri became a member of the Camerata in the mid-1590s, and with the help of the poet Ottavio Rinuccini (1562-1621), he completed the musical stories Daphne (premiered in 1598) and Euridice (premiered as a sideshow at the Medici wedding in 1600). These two works were the embodiment of the stile rappresentativo, the fruit of theoretical research by the members of the Camerata, and are today considered to have marked the birth of modern opera using recitative.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Euridice" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その結果,オペラが生まれ,バロック様式のひとつの基礎となった通奏低音伴奏の独唱歌が生み出された。カメラータのリヌッチーニOttavio Rinuccini(1562‐1621)の台本,ペーリの作曲による《エウリディーチェ》(1600)は,今日まで伝えられた最古のオペラである。その後オペラは,マントバの宮廷に引き継がれ(モンテベルディ作曲《オルフェオ》など),1637年にベネチアに公開劇場が作られてからは,同市やローマ,次いでナポリなどで,市民の芸術として隆盛をきわめた。…

【オペラ】より


[オペラと聴衆]
 ところでオペラという芸術は,視覚と聴覚を総合した感覚的なアピールできわめて強く聞き手に迫るところから,しばしば国家の体制によって利用されたり,逆に検閲されたりという歴史をたどってきた。現存する最古のオペラであるJ.ペーリの《エウリディーチェ》をはじめ,かつては王朝同士の華やかな結婚の祝典にオペラはつきものであった。19世紀に入ると,民族主義的な独立運動や社会主義的革命の機運に火を投じるという理由でオペラの上演は折にふれて危険視され,みずから祖国の独立運動に参加したベルディのオペラは,しばしば検閲の対象となった。…

【ペーリ】より

…1590年ころからメディチ家の歌手となり,コジモ2世の治世(1609‐21)に宮廷音楽監督の地位を得る。フィレンツェでは1580年代末からメディチ家に仕える貴族(バルディ伯とコルシ伯)をパトロンとして,詩人,音楽家,理論家たちが〈カメラータcamerata〉と称するアカデミーを結成し,古代ギリシア悲劇の朗唱法の復活を目ざして研究をつづけていたが,ペーリは90年代半ばからこのカメラータの一員となり,詩人リヌッチーニOttavio Rinuccini(1562‐1621)の協力を得て,音楽的物語《ダフネDafne》(1598初演)と《エウリディーチェEuridice》(1600年メディチ家の婚礼の余興として初演)を完成する。この2作品は,カメラータの会員たちの理論的研究の成果である〈舞台様式stile rappresentativo〉を実践したもので,今日,レチタティーボを用いた近代的なオペラの誕生を意味する作品と見なされている。…

※「《エウリディーチェ》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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