medicine

Japanese: medicine
medicine

…Therefore, it is difficult to define because the meanings move between them. For example, in foreign languages, the English word medicine corresponds to the broadest sense of medicine in Japanese, which is defined as "the theory and practice of treating illnesses as part of the institutional functions of society." Here, we will discuss the broadest sense of medicine. …

From [Internal Medicine]

...an abbreviation for internal medicine. Although it is a branch of clinical medicine, internal medicine is such an important branch that it has come to mean medicine itself. Therefore, if we try to define internal medicine, we must first trace the changes in the concept of medicine.
[Medicine and Internal Medicine]
In English, medicine is expressed as the word "medicine," which also has other meanings, such as "spell," "magic," "medicine," "medical art," and "internal medicine." This seems to show that medicine itself originated in the enormous efforts made by humans since the dawn of mankind to cure injuries and illnesses, and in the countless ingenuity devised for that purpose, and that this bore fruit as natural science medicine after passing through the magical and speculative stages.

*Some terminology explanations that mention "medicine" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…したがって,それらの間を意味が動くために,なかなか定義が困難である。外国語では,たとえば英語でいうmedicineは,日本語でいう最も広義の医学にあたり,〈社会の制度的機能の一部として,病気の治療のための理論と実践〉として定義される。ここでは,最も広義の医学について述べる。…

【内科】より

…内科学の略称。臨床医学の一分野であるが,内科が医学そのものを意味したこともあるくらい重要な部門なので,内科を定義づけようとすれば,医学の概念の変化をまずたどる必要があるであろう。
[医学と内科]
 医学は英語ではmedicineという言葉で表されるが,この語には,このほかに〈まじない〉〈魔術〉〈薬〉〈医術〉〈内科学〉などの意味がある。このことは,医学そのものが,人類誕生以来の人類自身の,けがや病気を治すためにはらった莫大な努力や,そのために考えだされた数えきれない工夫のなかに胚胎し,それが魔術の段階,思弁的な段階を経て自然科学的な医学として結実したものであることを物語っているように思われる。…

※「medicine」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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