Thomism

Japanese: トミズム（英語表記）Thomism

In a broad sense, it is a general term for the philosophy and theology of Thomas Aquinas, as well as the commentaries and theoretical developments on Thomas's system by Thomists (scholars who hold the view of Thomism). After 1278, Thomism became the theoretical core of the Dominican Order, and became a trend of thought on a par with Scots and Ockham. Representative Thomists of the late Middle Ages were J. Capreolus and Cardinal Caetanus. In the 16th century, it was centered in Spain, and its representatives included Suarez and Johannes Sanct Thomas. However, in the narrow sense, Thomism is sometimes used to refer only to the physical pre-motion theory of Bañez of Salamanca and others who opposed Molinism in the debate over grace. In the revival of scholasticism at the end of the 19th century, it was given a favorable position by the encyclical "Eterni Patris" in 1879, and produced many scholars in the first half of the 20th century. The school of this period is called neo-Thomism.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

広義ではトマス・アクィナスの哲学，神学説と，トミスト (トマス説をとる学者) たちによるトマスの体系への注解，理論的展開とに対する総称。 1278年以後トミズムはドミニコ会の理論的中核となり，スコツス説やオッカム説と並ぶ思潮となった。中世末期の代表的トミストは J.カプレオルス，枢機卿カエタヌスである。 16世紀にはスペインが中心であり，代表者にスアレス，ヨハネス・サンクト・トマらがいる。しかし恩恵論争でモリニズムと対立したサラマンカのバニェスらの物理的先動説のみを，狭義でトミズムと呼ぶこともある。 19世紀末のスコラ学復興運動のなかでは，1879年の回勅「エテルニ・パトリス」によって有利な地位を与えられ，20世紀前半に多くの学者を生んだ。この時期のものをネオトミズムという。

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