In a broad sense, it refers to organizations and their activities in which lay people work on missionary work, social welfare, education, publishing, etc. under the guidance of clergy in the Catholic Church. In modern times, the importance of the role of lay people in cooperating with clergy to achieve the church's purpose has come to be recognized, and the limelight has been focused on, with particular emphasis on the initiative of lay people. The forerunner of Catholic Action in the narrow sense was the "Consortium for the Defense of the Freedom of the Catholic Church in Italy" founded by G. Casoni in 1866. After some changes in Italy, Pope Pius XI established the Central Committee of Catholic Action in 1922, and it spread to almost the whole world by the 1930s, starting with Italy the following year, and is also active in Japan. Its current activities are based on the new standards issued in 1937. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
広義には,カトリック教会において聖職者の指導のもとに一般信徒が宣教,社会福祉,教育,出版などの事業を行う組織およびその活動をいう。近代にいたって教会の存立目的達成のために聖職者に協力する信徒の役割の重要性が認識されるとともに,脚光を浴びるようになったが,そこでは特に信徒の自発性が強調されている。狭義のカトリック・アクションの先駆は 1866年 G.カゾーニが創立した「イタリア・カトリック教会自由擁護団」であり,イタリアにおける変遷ののち,1922年ピウス 11世によるカトリック・アクション中央委員会の設置をみ,翌年のイタリアを筆頭に 1930年代にかけてほとんど全世界に広まり,日本でも活動がなされている。なお現在の活動は 37年に出された新規準によっている。
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