New Year's Parade - Dezomeshiki

Officially, it is called the New Year's Firefighting Parade. It is a training ceremony held by fire corps at the beginning of the new year. It is held in the same way as the first day of work on January 2nd, but in Tokyo it is held on January 6th and is almost the same nationwide. It is said that the origin of the firefighting organization in Japan was when the Edo Shogunate established the feudal lord fire brigade and the bannerman fire brigade (regular fire brigade), and the organization was established in 1658 (Manji 1). In 1718 (Kyoho 3), the town fire brigade was established by the town magistrate's order, but it was not successful, so in 1720 it was reorganized and the "Iroha 47 Groups" (later the 48 Groups) were launched. The New Year's Parade is the first event for the town fire brigade, and the Edo town fire brigade of the "Iroha 48 Groups" paraded through the town carrying their respective banners and showed off their ladder climbing skills. Since the establishment of municipal fire departments through the Fire Service Act in 1948, there have been many events such as fire brigade parades, water spraying, and awards for outstanding members.

[Shoji Inoguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

公式には消防出初式という。消防団が新年最初に行う演習の儀式。1月2日の仕事始めと一連のものであるが、東京では1月6日に行われ、全国的にほぼ統一された。日本の消防組織は、江戸幕府が大名火消、旗本火消（定火消(じょうびけし)）を設置したのが始まりだとされており、その組織が整ったのは1658年（万治1）であった。1718年（享保3）町奉行(ぶぎょう)令によって町火消を設けたが成果があがらず、1720年改組し、「いろは四十七組」（のち四十八組）が発足した。出初式は町火消の初出(はつで)行事で、「いろは四十八組」の江戸町火消は、それぞれの纏(まとい)を奉持して町を練り歩き、梯子(はしご)乗りの妙技を披露した。1948年（昭和23）の「消防法」によって自治体消防が発足してからは、消防団のパレードや一斉放水、優良団員の表彰などの行事が多い。

［井之口章次］

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