…Fat embolism occurs when fat from bone marrow or adipose tissue enters blood vessels and causes emboli during fractures or surgery. Gas or air embolism occurs when air is aspirated into a vein during trauma or surgery, or when nitrogen gas in the blood is suddenly released due to a sudden change in air pressure, as in the case of benders or caisson sickness, causing numerous bubbles in the blood vessels and blocking small blood vessels. Depending on the route the embolus takes within the body, it can be classified as arterial or venous embolism. In other special cases, an embolus formed within a vein may not pass through the lungs, but may enter the general circulatory system through the foramen ovale between the right and left atria and cause embolism in an artery, or when a sudden change in blood pressure in a vein with slow blood flow causes blood to flow backwards within the vessels, causing an embolus to reach the upstream vein and block it, causing embolism. … *Some of the terms that refer to "gas embolism" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…脂肪塞栓症は,骨折や手術のときに,骨髄の脂肪や脂肪組織の脂肪が血管内に入り塞栓となるものである。ガスまたは空気による塞栓症はガス塞栓症といい,外傷や手術のときに静脈内に空気が吸引されることによる場合や,潜水病または潜函病のように,急激な気圧の変化により血中の窒素ガスが急激に遊離して血管内で多数の気泡となり小血管を閉塞しておこる。塞栓が体内で運ばれる経路により動脈性塞栓症,静脈性塞栓症があるが,そのほか特殊なものとして静脈内にできた塞栓が肺を通ることなく,右心房と左心房の間の卵円孔を経て大循環系に入り動脈に塞栓症をおこす場合や,血流のゆっくりしている静脈で急激な血圧の変動により血管内で血液が逆流し,塞栓が静脈の上流に達し,そこを閉塞して塞栓症をおこす場合がある。… ※「ガス塞栓症」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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