Hargraves, EH

…However, by the 1940s, the acceptance of convicts had almost come to an end, and the California Gold Rush of 1848 prompted Australia to turn its attention to encouraging gold discovery in order to stem the outflow of the already small population. In 1851, Edward Hammond Hargraves (1816-1891), who had just returned from California, discovered gold about 260 km northwest of Sydney. Melbourne, whose functions were on the verge of collapse due to the resulting outflow of population, offered rewards for the discovery of gold mines around the city, and as a result, Ballarat and other gold-producing areas, the largest in the world at the time, were discovered in the same year. Compared to the United States, which had already established the foundations of a nation, the Gold Rush had a wide-ranging and serious impact on Australia's politics and economy, as Australia was still merely a collection of colonies. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Hargraves, EH" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…しかし40年代に流刑囚受入れがほぼ終了し，48年のカリフォルニア･ゴールドラッシュに刺激されて，ただでさえ少ない人口の流出を食い止めるために逆に金発見奨励策に転じた。51年にカリフォルニア帰りのハーグレーブズEdward Hammond Hargraves(1816‐91)がシドニー西北西約260kmの地点で金を発見すると，それによる人口流出で市の機能が停止しかけたメルボルンは同市周辺の金鉱発見に賞金を出し，その結果，同じ年のうちにバララトをはじめとする当時世界最大の産金地帯が発見された。国家としての基礎ができていたアメリカに比べると，まだ植民地の集合体にすぎなかったオーストラリアにとって，ゴールドラッシュは政治･経済面に広範かつ深刻な影響を与えた。…

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