A city in southeastern Turkey, capital of Diyarbakir Province. It is located on the right bank of the Tigris River. It was called Amida in ancient times and became a Roman colony in the 3rd century, but was the target of Persian conquest. It later became a Byzantine territory, and was taken over by the Arabs around 639. It came under the control of the Ottoman Empire in 1516, and regained its former prosperity. It is close to the Persian border and is of military importance, and even today the old city is surrounded by a black basalt wall with many towers that is about 5 km long. The wall and the cultural landscape of Hebsel Gardens were registered as a cultural heritage of the World Heritage Sites in 2015. Wool and cotton textiles and copper products are manufactured here, and gold and silver filigree work has long been famous. Agriculture is especially known for watermelon production. It is connected to the capital Ankara by rail and air, and there are highways to the country's major cities, Aleppo in Syria, and Mosul in Iraq. Population: 892,713 (2013 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
トルコ南東部にある都市で,ディヤルバクル県の県都。チグリス川の右岸に位置する。古くはアミダ Amidaと呼ばれ,3世紀にローマの植民地となったが,ペルシアとの争奪の的であった。のちビザンチン領となり,639年頃アラブの手に渡った。1516年にオスマン帝国の支配下に入り,往時の繁栄を回復した。ペルシア国境に近く,軍事的に重要であり,今日でも旧市街は全長約 5kmに及ぶ多数の塔のある黒い玄武岩の城壁で囲まれている。城壁とヘブセル庭園の文化的景観は 2015年,世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。毛織物,綿織物と銅製品の製造が行なわれ,金銀の細金細工は昔から有名である。農業は特にスイカの生産が知られる。首都アンカラとは鉄道と空路で結ばれ,国内の主要都市,シリアのアレッポ,イラクのモースルとはハイウェーが通じている。人口 89万2713(2013推計)。
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