A flow of positive ions that flows from the anode to the cathode in a discharge in a thin gas that is close to a vacuum. In 1886, German physicist Goldstein succeeded in guiding them to an external chamber through a small hole (canal) in the cathode, and they are also called canal rays. Subsequent research by Thomson, Aston, Wien, and others confirmed that anode rays are flows of ionized gas atoms. It can be said that a discharge is maintained by cathode rays, which are groups of electrons that flow from the cathode to the anode, and anode rays, which are groups of positive ions that flow from the anode to the cathode. The difference is that at least some cathode rays originate from the cathode, while all anode rays are created by collisions between the anode and cathode and gas atoms. [Tadatoshi Azuma] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
真空に近い薄い気体中の放電において、陽極から陰極に向かって流れる陽イオンの流れ。1886年ドイツの物理学者ゴルトシュタインが、陰極にあけた小孔(カナル)から外室に導き出すことに成功し、カナル線ともよばれる。その後トムソン、アストン、ウィーンなどの研究によって、陽極線はイオン化された気体原子の流れであることが確認された。放電においては、陰極から陽極に向かって流れる電子群である陰極線と、陽極から陰極に向かって流れる陽イオンの群である陽極線により放電が維持されているといえる。陰極線は少なくとも一部は陰極から出発しているが、陽極線はすべて陽極と陰極の間で気体原子と陰極線の衝突によりできることに違いがある。 [東 忠利] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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