Order to provide firewood and water - Shinsuikyuyorei

Japanese: 薪水給与令 - しんすいきゅうよれい

An order from the Edo Shogunate regarding the treatment of foreign ships at the end of the Edo period. From the Bunka and Bunsei periods (1804-1830), European merchant ships and whaling ships began to frequently appear in Japanese waters, calling at ports all over Japan to request supplies of firewood and food. Under the isolationist policy, the Shogunate issued an order in 1791 to drive away any ship that refused to be inspected, regardless of whether it was a ship or not, and to dispose of its inhabitants. In 1806, after handling a Russian ship, the Shogunate issued an order to provide firewood and water to foreign ships that had drifted ashore and encourage them to return to their homeland. After the Phaeton incident, the Shogunate issued an order to drive away foreign ships in 1825. However, when Abe Masahiro became a senior councilor, he learned of the defeat of the Qing Dynasty in the Opium Wars and realized the disadvantage of expelling foreigners. In July 1842, he ordered the restoration of the measures of 1811 to supply necessities, as requested by the foreign countries. The "Order to Provide Firewood and Water" is usually the order of 1811, and it marked one step towards the policy of opening up the country. (→Opening up the country)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

幕末，外国船処遇に関する江戸幕府の命令。文化文政期 (1804～30) 以降，ヨーロッパ諸国の商船や捕鯨船が頻繁に日本近海に出没するようになり，日本各地に寄港して薪や食料の補給を求めた。鎖国体制下の幕府は寛政3 (1791) 年漂着船が臨検を拒んだ場合有無に及ばず船を打払い，人を切捨てよと命じたが，文化3 (1806) 年にはロシア船取扱いを契機に漂着異国船には薪水を供給して帰帆をさとすべきことを命じた。さらにフェートン号事件が起ると，文政8 (25) 年異国船打払令を出すにいたった。しかし阿部正弘が老中になると，アヘン戦争で清国が敗れたという情報などをえて攘夷の不得策を知り，外国側の要求どおり，天保 13 (42) 年7月，文化3年の取扱いを復活して必需品を供給することを命じた。薪水給与令とは普通この天保 13年の命令をさし，開国政策への一段階をなした。 (→開国 )

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