The coastline on the eastern coast of the Indian peninsula, facing the Bay of Bengal, stretches for about 700 km from the Krishna Plains to Cape Kalimer, the tip of the Cauvery Delta. It is a subtropical coastline with an average annual temperature of 28°C and an average annual rainfall of 1,000-1,400 mm. It is a beautiful sandy beach with a width of 1-5 km and a height of 10 m, lined with sand dunes and palm trees, and is dotted with fishing villages and villas. Behind it are lagoons such as Pulicat Lake and Kaliver Lake. The Cauvery River, Penna River, Palar River, Ponnaiyar River, and Krishna River, which originate from the Deccan Plateau, form vast deltas on the coast in places. The Choda Dynasty, which existed before Christ, and the Chola Dynasty, which lasted until the mid-11th century, flourished here, and the Tamil word Cholamandalan is the origin of the place name. After the 17th century, it became a colonial base for the Dutch, French, and British, and the British occupied Chennai (Madras). Chennai, Pondicherry, and Cuddalore are the major cities. Near Chennai, there is the Mahabalipuram Shore Temple, which was once a base for Southeast Asian immigrants and trade, and is a famous tourist destination. The major ports are Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Pondicherry, and Chennai. There is a lot of rain in October and November due to the influence of the northeast monsoon. [Toshiro Naruse] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インド半島東岸、クリシュナ平野からカーベリ・デルタの先端カリメール岬までの、約700キロメートルにわたるベンガル湾に面する海岸。年平均気温28℃、年降水量1000~1400ミリメートルの亜熱帯海岸で、幅1~5キロメートル、高さ10メートルほどの砂丘とヤシの美しい砂浜海岸が続き、漁村や別荘地が点在する。背後にはプリカット湖やカリベリ湖をはじめ潟湖(せきこ)が広がる。所々に、デカン高原に発するカーベリ川、ペンナ川、パラール川、ポンナイヤール川、クリシュナ川が海岸に広大なデルタを形成している。紀元前のチョーダ王朝、11世紀なかばまで続いたチョーラ王朝がこの地に栄え、タミル語のチョラマンダランが地名の由来となった。17世紀以後、オランダ、フランス、イギリスの植民根拠地となり、イギリスはチェンナイ(マドラス)を占有した。チェンナイ、ポンディシェリ、カッダロールが主要都市である。チェンナイ近郊にはかつて東南アジア移民や貿易の基地で、観光地として有名なマハバリプラム海岸寺院がある。主要港にはナーガパッティナム、カッダロール、ポンディシェリ、チェンナイがある。北東モンスーンの影響で10、11月に雨が多い。 [成瀬敏郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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