A war inspired by and carried out through religious ideology. Historically, examples include the Crusades organized by the Pope from the end of the 11th century to the 13th century, and the wars of territorial expansion by Islamic countries. The Cold War situation after World War II, in which the two major camps, centered on the United States and the Soviet Union, believed in the absolute superiority of the liberal or communist system and tried to subjugate the other, was also a manifestation of a kind of holy war ideology. In Japan, this word was used as a slogan for national mobilization during World War II. In the Islamic world, it is called jihad (originally meaning effort), and in recent years, the Iran-Iraq War that broke out in 1980 and the Gulf War in 1991 have also been positioned as holy wars. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
宗教的イデオロギーにより鼓舞され遂行される戦争。歴史的には 11世紀末~13世紀にかけて,ローマ教皇が十字軍を組織して行なった戦争や,イスラム教国の版図拡大戦争を典型とする。第2次世界大戦後のアメリカ,ソ連を中心とする二大陣営の対立下で,両者が自由主義あるいは共産主義体制の絶対的優位性を信じて,他者を屈服させようとした冷戦状況も,一種の聖戦イデオロギーの表われであった。日本では第2次世界大戦中,この言葉が国家総動員のスローガンとして使われた。イスラム世界ではジハード jihād (本来の意味は努力) といい,近年では,80年に勃発したイラン・イラク戦争や 91年の湾岸戦争も聖戦として位置づけている。
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