Qi-ying; Ch`i-ying

Japanese: 耆英 - きえい（英語表記）Qi-ying; Ch`i-ying

[Born] Qianlong 52 (1787)
[Died] 1858
A Chinese politician in the late Qing Dynasty. He was of the imperial family and a native of the Manchu Zhenglan Banner. His pen name was Jie Chun. In 1806, he became the head of the Zongren Office, and subsequently held various posts, including the Minister of Administration and Fanyuan, Minister of Rites, Minister of Household Affairs, and Governor of Jehol. In 1838, he became General Shengjing and played an active role in controlling opium and defending the coast of Manchuria. In 1849, he went to Guangdong as General of Guangzhou and Imperial Commissioner, and signed the Treaty of Nanking as a plenipotentiary. He subsequently served as Governor-General of Liangjiang and Governor-General of Guangdong, and concluded the Treaty of Humenzhai, the Treaty of Wangxia, and the Treaty of Huangpu. In 1850, he became a scholar of Wenyuan Ge. He was later criticized for his weak diplomacy, and when the Treaty of Tianjin was concluded in 1858, he was accused by the British of betrayal in Guangdong, and committed suicide after being charged with the crime.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]乾隆52(1787)
[没]咸豊8(1858)
中国，清末の政治家。宗室 (皇族の意) 出身で，満州正藍旗の人。字は介春。嘉慶 11 (1806) 年宗人府主事となり，以後，理藩院侍郎，礼部尚書，戸部尚書，熱河都統など歴任し，道光 18 (38) 年盛京将軍となってアヘン取締りや満州の海防に活躍。同 22年広州将軍，欽差大臣として広東におもむき，全権として南京条約に調印した。次いで両江総督，両広総督を歴任し，虎門寨追加条約，望厦条約，黄埔条約を締結。同 28年文淵閣大学士となる。のち軟弱外交を非難され，咸豊8 (58) 年の天津条約締結の際にはイギリス人から広東での背信を責められ，罪に問われて自殺した。

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