Finnish novelist. Born in Uljala. After graduating from elementary school, he worked in agriculture and forestry and as a factory worker, while also participating in the literary circle Mäkelän piiri, which was started by Mikko Mäkelä, and publishing his works. His debut work was The Goal (1947), an autobiographical depiction of a young man aspiring to be a novelist. After the Strindberg-esque passion drama Black Love (1948), he left behind a masterpiece of war literature. He gained international fame with The Unknown Soldier (1954), which depicts a group of unique soldiers who fight through extreme conditions of freezing cold, hunger, fatigue, and fierce fighting without forgetting their indomitable spirit, humor, and self-confidence, and delves into the truth of humanity and war. The work reflects the strong sense of resistance and class consciousness of the workers in Tampere, Finland's leading industrial city and his hometown. His trilogy, Here Beneath the North Star (1959-62), was a realistic yet humorous portrayal of a peasant who joins the Red Army during the civil war and awakens to life through defeat, for which he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature. It is a unique war novel that depicts a Dostoyevsky-esque subjective peasant with a Tolstoy-esque view of the natural man, and it also won him the Nordic Literature Prize in 1963. He was also a professor emeritus at the University of Tampere and a member of the Academy of Finland. [Shizuo Takahashi and Jun Suenobu] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フィンランドの小説家。ウルヤラに生まれる。小学校卒業後、農林業、工場労働者として働きながら、ミッコ・マケラMikko Mäkeläを中心に活動が開始された文芸サークル「マケラ会」Mäkelän piiriに参加し、作品を発表した。小説家志望の若者を自伝風に描いた『目標』(1947)でデビュー。ストリンドベリ風のパッションドラマ『黒い恋』(1948)を経て、戦争文学に傑作を残した。ソビエト・フィンランド戦争下、極寒・空腹・疲労・激闘の極限状況下で、不撓(ふとう)不屈の精神・ユーモア・自己を忘れずに闘い抜く特異な兵士群を描き、人間と戦争の真実に迫った『無名戦士』(1954)で国際的名声を得た。フィンランド屈指の工業都市であり、出身地でもあるタンペレの労働者の強い抵抗意識と階級意識が反映されている。三部作『ここ北極星の下で』(1959~62)は、内戦下に赤軍に身を投じた小作人が敗北を通して人生に目覚めていく過程をリアルにユーモラスに描き、ノーベル文学賞候補になった。ドストエフスキー的な主観的農民をトルストイ的自然人思想で描いた独特な戦争小説で、1963年度北欧文学賞をも受賞した。タンペレ大学名誉教授、フィンランド・アカデミー会員でもあった。 [高橋静男・末延 淳] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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