A city in the north of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is the largest city on the island of Sumatra and the capital of North Sumatra Province. It is located 24 km upstream from the mouth of the Deli River, which flows into the Straits of Malacca. Its population was 1,685,972 (1990), of which one-fifth is of Chinese descent, and they are active in various distribution sectors. In 2018, the estimated population was 2,269,588. Until the mid-19th century, it was just a small village, but in the 1860s, a Dutch tobacco company leased land from the Sultan, who had control over the region, and opened a plantation, and it developed rapidly. After the outer port of Belawan was opened, it prospered as a distribution center for plantation products such as tobacco, rubber, and tea from the surrounding areas, and developed into the largest city on Sumatra. The city has the most Westernized appearance in Indonesia and is considered a typical example of a beautiful tropical colonial city. The Polonia district is the government and residential area, and the National University of North Sumatra is also located there. It is also the location of an international airport in Indonesia, on a par with Jakarta. Lake Toba and the Berastagi summer resort in the hinterland are also gaining attention as tourist destinations. [Atsuhiko Bekki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インドネシア、スマトラ島北部の都市。スマトラ島最大の都市で、北スマトラ州の州都。マラッカ海峡に注ぐデリ川の河口から24キロメートル上流に位置する。人口は168万5972(1990)で、うち5分の1を中国系が占め、各種流通部門で活躍している。2018年には、推計人口226万9588。19世紀なかばまでは一寒村にすぎなかったが、1860年代にオランダのたばこ会社がこの地方の支配権をもつスルタンから土地を租借し、農園を開いてから急速に発展した。外港としてブラワンが開かれ、周辺地のタバコ、ゴム、茶などのプランテーション産物の集散地として繁栄し、スマトラ島第一の都市に発展した。市街はインドネシアでもっとも西欧化した外観を呈し、美しい熱帯植民都市の典型とされている。ポロニア地区が官庁・住宅地域で国立北スマトラ大学も設置されている。インドネシアではジャカルタと並ぶ国際空港の所在地でもある。なお後背地のトバ湖やブラスタギ避暑地も観光地として脚光を浴びてきている。 [別技篤彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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