What is the disease? The pharynx is located at the back of the nasal cavity and oral cavity. There are various types of pharyngitis, broadly What is the cause? Acute pharyngitis can be caused by viral infections such as adenovirus and coxsackievirus, or by group A viruses. Chronic pharyngitis occurs when acute pharyngitis does not heal completely or when the pharynx is chronically irritated by tobacco smoke, alcohol, etc. Specific pharyngeal infections include chlamydia, How symptoms manifest In acute pharyngitis, pain in the pharynx appears suddenly, along with other general symptoms. Testing and diagnosisIn many cases, the pharynx is red and the progression of symptoms makes ordinary pharyngitis relatively easy to diagnose. Sometimes, small blisters or lesions that look like ruptured blisters may be seen along with redness of the pharynx. This is called herpangina and is caused by infection with the Coxsackie virus. If the redness of the pharynx is significant and accompanied by systemic symptoms, streptococcal infection is suspected and a secretion sample is taken for examination. In addition, white lesions or findings that look like mucosal sores may be seen, but in this case, differentiation from special infections or cancer becomes problematic, so a tissue sample may be taken for examination. Treatment methodsGargle often to keep the throat clean, and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol to avoid irritation. Antipyretics and analgesics are used to treat pain and fever. Antibiotics are not considered to be of much use unless bacterial infection is clearly present, but in the case of streptococcal infection, they must be used sufficiently to prevent complications. In the case of specific pharyngeal infections, treatment is given to the specific causative microorganism. What to do if you notice an illness If the pain is tolerable, you may gargle and see how it goes. Pharyngeal specific infections are often difficult to distinguish from ordinary pharyngitis through general examinations and tests. If pharyngeal symptoms do not improve, tests for specific infections may be necessary. If there is a possibility that you have come into contact with a pathogen carrier, it is important to inform your doctor. Kazunari Ichinomiya "> Figure 10 Position of the oral cavity and pharynx Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia |
どんな病気か 咽頭は鼻腔や口腔の奥にある部分で、ここには咽頭 さまざまな咽頭炎がありますが、大きく 原因は何か 急性咽頭炎は、アデノウイルス、コクサッキーウイルスなどのウイルス感染や、A群 慢性咽頭炎は、急性咽頭炎が治りきらなかったり、たばこの煙、お酒などが慢性的に咽頭を刺激したりすることによって起こります。 咽頭特殊感染症は、クラミジア、 症状の現れ方 急性咽頭炎では咽頭の痛みが急激に現れ、そのほか全身 検査と診断多くの場合、咽頭は発赤し、症状の経過からも、通常の咽頭炎は比較的簡単に診断されます。 時に、咽頭の発赤とともに小さな水ぶくれや、その破れたような病変がみられることがありますが、これはヘルパンギーナと呼ばれ、コクサッキーウイルスの感染によるものです。咽頭の発赤が著しく、全身症状を伴う場合は溶連菌感染を疑い、分泌物を取って検査します。また、白色の病変や、粘膜のただれたような所見のあることもありますが、この場合には特殊感染症やがんとの鑑別が問題になるため、組織を一部採取して調べることもあります。 治療の方法よくうがいをして咽頭を清潔に保ち、喫煙、飲酒などもひかえ、刺激を与えないようにします。痛みや発熱に対しては解熱鎮痛剤を用います。抗生剤は、細菌感染が明らかな場合以外には用いる意義は少ないと考えられますが、溶連菌感染の場合には合併症を防止するために、十分に使用する必要があります。 咽頭特殊感染症では、それぞれの原因微生物に対する治療をします。 病気に気づいたらどうする がまんできる程度の痛みの場合には、うがいなどをして様子をみてもよいと思います。しかし、 咽頭特殊感染症は、一般的な診察や検査では普通の咽頭炎との鑑別が難しいことも少なくありません。咽頭の症状がなかなか改善しない場合には、特殊感染症に対する検査が必要になることもあります。病原体保有者と接触した可能性がある場合には、その旨を医師に伝えておくことも大切です。 一宮 一成 "> 図10 口腔・咽頭の位置関係 出典 法研「六訂版 家庭医学大全科」六訂版 家庭医学大全科について 情報 |
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