Storytelling - tales

Japanese: 語り物 - かたりもの

A classification name for Japanese literature and music. It refers to stories told orally, and the texts are called "narrative literature" or "oral literature," and the stories told are called "narratives" in the classification of music and performing arts. The texts are epic poems with a storyline, but some have even been developed into dramatic compositions. Musical performances are generally centered on "narration," that is, recitation, but they can also include song-like tunes and words that are more musical than ordinary lines, and the words can also be spoken in an imitation style. The only surviving example of the "narration" of the ancient "kataribe" (storytellers) is the text known as the Kojiki. There are many types of Joruri, including "Heikyoku," a narration of The Tale of the Heike, which developed from the narrative biwa, "Koshiki," Buddhist music, and "narration" by narrative monks and goze female musicians, but the most representative extant works include "Kowaka," "Sekkyobushi," "Joruri," "Saimon," and "Naniwabushi." In contrast, ordinary song-like works are sometimes called "utaimono," which belong to the broader definition of "kayo." Even within Joruri, those with a strong song-like character are also called "kajoruri." Incidentally, "narration" that has not been made into a musical art form includes "kodan," among others.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

日本文学および音楽の分類名称。口で語って聞かせる物語をいい，そのテキストは「語り物文芸」または「口承文芸」といわれ，これを物語ったものを音楽および芸能の分類上「語り物」という。テキストは，物語の筋をもつ叙事詩体であるが，劇的構成にまで発展したものもある。音楽的な演唱はだいたいにおいて「語り」すなわち朗誦を中心とするが，歌曲的な曲節や，会話部を普通のせりふよりは音楽的に扱ったコトバも含まれることがあり，コトバは物まね的に語り分けられることもある。古代の「語部 (かたりべ) 」の「語り」は『古事記』としてテキストだけが遺存する。物語琵琶の発展した『平家物語』を語る「平曲」をはじめ，仏教音楽の「講式」，物語僧や瞽女 (ごぜ) の「語り」などがあったが，「幸若」「説経節」「浄瑠璃」「祭文 (さいもん) 」「浪花節」などは現存する代表的なもの。これに対し，普通の歌曲的なものを「うたいもの」ということがあるが，それらは広義の「歌謡」に属する。浄瑠璃のうちでも歌曲的性格の強い種目は「歌浄瑠璃」とも呼ばれている。なお，音楽芸能化していない「語り物」に「講談」などがある。

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