Club moss - Hikage no kazura (English spelling)

Japanese: ヒカゲノカズラ - ひかげのかずら(英語表記)club-moss
Club moss - Hikage no kazura (English spelling)

An evergreen fern of the Lycopodaceae family. Its 5mm diameter stems creep along the ground and bear needle-like leaves. The alternate lateral branches stand upright and branch out further. At the end of these branches, cylindrical sporangia about 5cm long grow. It is commonly found in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, and in Japan, it is widely distributed from the hills to the deep mountains from Hokkaido to Kyushu. It has been a familiar plant since ancient times, and its name is recorded in the Kojiki, and in the 19th volume of the Manyoshu, it is written, "Ashihiki no Yamashita Hikage Kazurakeru Ue yasara ni wo Shinohamu Ume" (Hikage = Lycopod). Even today, in some regions, it is customary to decorate it at New Year's and celebratory occasions. The spores are called lycopodium, and contain 40-50% fatty oil, making them moisture-resistant. For this reason, it was once used as a coating for pills and mixed into baby powder. It is also sometimes used as a flash agent for fireworks and a dividing agent for casting molds. It is said that a decoction of the whole plant has diuretic and menstrual effects. The closely related L. complanatum is used in the same way as club vine. L. selago is also a closely related species that grows among rocks in the alpine zone and is thought to have survived the Ice Age. In Mexico it is used as an anthelmintic, but in recent years an alkaloid called selagin has been extracted from it that is effective in treating alcoholism. L. obscurum , a Japanese cedar used instead of cedar as a garnish in cooking, also belongs to this family.

[Kurita Koro]

Main types of ferns (3) [specimen illustrations]
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Main types of ferns (3) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ヒカゲノカズラ科の常緑性シダ。径5ミリメートルの茎は長く地表をはい、針状の葉をつける。互生する側枝は直立し、さらに枝分れする。この枝の先に円柱状で長さ5センチメートル前後の胞子嚢穂(のうすい)を頂生する。北半球の温帯に普通にみられ、日本では北海道から九州にかけての丘陵地から深山にまで広く分布する。昔から親しまれた植物で、『古事記』にもその名が記され、『万葉集』巻19では「あしひきの 山下日影(ひかげ) かづらける 上にや更(さら)に、梅をしのはむ」と詠まれている(日影=ヒカゲノカズラ)。今日でも地方によっては新年や祝いの席に飾る風習がある。胞子は石松子(せきしょうし)といい、脂肪油が40~50%も含まれているため、防湿性がある。このため、かつては丸薬の衣としたり、ベビーパウダーに混入されていた。また、花火の閃光(せんこう)剤、鋳型の分型剤などにも利用されることがある。全草を煎用(せんよう)すれば利尿や通経の効があるという。近縁のアスヒカズラL. complanatumもヒカゲノカズラと同様に利用される。コスギランL. selagoも近縁種で、高山帯の岩間に生え、氷河期の生き残りとされる。メキシコでは駆虫剤に利用するが、近年、アルコール中毒の治療に有効とされるセラギンというアルカロイドが抽出された。料理のあしらいにスギのかわりに用いられるマンネンスギL. obscurumもこの仲間である。

[栗田子郎]

シダ植物のおもな種類(3)〔標本画〕
©藤島淳三">

シダ植物のおもな種類(3)〔標本画〕


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