Volcanic mudflow or debris flow. The name comes from Indonesian and refers to a flood-like flow of a mixture of rocks, sand, and water that occurs in volcanic regions after heavy rain. In rare cases, muddy material may erupt directly from the crater and flow down, but most cases are not directly related to volcanic eruptions and refer to the flow of accumulated rocks and volcanic ash mixed with surface water. However, lahars play the most important role as a cause of disasters in volcanic regions, and the damage they cause is far greater than that caused by the volcanic eruption itself. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
火山泥流または土石流のこと。インドネシア語に由来し,豪雨ののち火山地域に発生する岩塊土砂と水の混合物が洪水のように流下する現象。まれには噴火口から直接泥状物質が噴出し流下する場合もあるが,多くは火山の噴火とは直接関係なく,いったん堆積した岩塊や火山灰が地表の流水に混じって流下する現象を総称する。しかし,火山地域における災害の原因としてはラハールが最も主要な役割を演じ,生じる損害は火山噴火自体による被害よりもはるかに大きい。
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