Direct finance, indirect finance

Japanese: 直接金融・間接金融 - ちょくせつきんゆうかんせつきんゆう(英語表記)direct finance,indirect finance
Direct finance, indirect finance
In financial activities, which involve the lending and borrowing of funds, it is essential that there exist deficit entities (entities with a capital deficit) that spend more than they earn, and at the same time, surplus entities (entities with a capital surplus) whose income exceeds expenditures. The distinction between direct and indirect finance is made by focusing on the process by which funds are transferred from surplus entities to deficit entities. In other words, direct finance is a method of transferring funds by directly purchasing stocks, government bonds, etc. issued by deficit entities such as companies and governments to raise funds to cover shortfalls.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
資金の貸借取引である金融活動においては,収入を超えて支出を行うような赤字主体(資金不足主体)が存在すると同時に,他方では収入が支出を上回る黒字主体(資金余剰主体)の存在することが不可欠である。この黒字主体から赤字主体へと資金が移転する過程に注目して,直接金融と間接金融の区別がなされる。すなわち直接金融とは,企業や政府などの赤字主体が不足資金を調達するために発行する株式,国債などを黒字主体が直接購入する形で資金が移転する方式である。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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