...autoeroticism (narcissism), in which one's own body is the sexual object; homosexuality, in which one's own sex is the object of one's sexual activity; pedophilia, in which sexually immature children are the object of one's sexual activity; gerontophilia, in which old people are the object of one's sexual activity; necrophilia, in which corpses are the object of one's sexual activity; zoophilia, in which animals (beasts, birds, etc.) are the object of one's sexual activity; sodomy, in which animals are the object of one's sexual activity; fetishism, in which objects or parts of the body are the object of sexual activity; incest, in which one has sex with a parent, child, or sibling. On the other hand, abnormalities in sexual objectives include exhibitionism, voyeurism, sadism, masochism, and cross-dressing or transvestism. If we consider sexual intercourse with a person of the opposite sex to be normal, then all of these acts have been considered attempts to obtain greater sexual excitement, pleasure, and satisfaction from these sexual objects and acts than is normally obtained through sexual intercourse. From [Disguise]...Therefore, I would like to consider the act of disguise as a kind of cultural or social phenomenon that generally and fundamentally has historically significant meaning, leaving aside the nuance and historical limitations of the word "disguise" itself. To add a little more detail on the terminological issues surrounding the word "disguise," the English word "transvestism" is a new word that is not registered in this volume of the Oxford English Dictionary (completed in 1928), and although it is commonly used today in cultural anthropology and other fields to mean "disguise" or "cross-dressing," among many ordinary English speakers it has the distinctive nuance of referring to "cross-dressing" or "transvestism" as a kind of abnormal sexual desire. In addition, the Japanese word <masquerade> is used differently from <disguise> in context, typically in expressions such as <carnival masquerade> and <masquerade ball>. It has also been pointed out that the difference between the two words is that <disguise> places emphasis on the act of <changing>, whereas <masquerade> focuses on the changed state, suggesting a fictional quality in that it is <not the original appearance>. However, as is clear from the fact that the explanation for <masquerade> in one Japanese dictionary has been changed to <disguise>, the distinction between the two words is not clear. *Some of the terminology that refers to "cross-dressing" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…自分自身の肉体を性対象とするオートエロティズム(ナルシシズム),自分と同性を対象とする同性愛,性的に未熟な幼児を対象とする幼児性愛(ペドフィリアpedophilia),老人を対象とする老人性愛(ジェロントフィリアgerontophilia),死体を対象とする屍体性愛(ネクロフィリアnecrophilia),動物(獣,鳥など)を対象とする動物性愛(ゾーフィリアzoophilia,これにもとづく行為が獣姦=ソドミーsodomy),フェティッシュと呼ばれる物品や肉体の一部を性愛の対象とするフェティシズム,親子・同胞と交わる近親相姦など。一方,性目標の異常としては,露出症,窃視症(voyeurism,いわゆる〈のぞき〉),サディズム,マゾヒズム,異性装症ないし服装倒錯(トランスベスティズムtransvestism)などがあげられてきた。異性との性器交接を正常の性交と考えると,これらの行為はいずれも,それによって得られる以上の性的興奮,快感,満足を,これらの性対象や性行為から獲得しようと試みるものとされてきた。… 【変装】より…したがってここでは,〈変装〉という言葉自体がもつニュアンスと時代的な限定性から離れて,一般的かつ原理的に,しばしば歴史的にも重大な意味を担っている,一種の文化現象あるいは社会現象としての変装という行為について,以下考察を加えることとしたい。 なお,〈変装〉という言葉の周辺にある用語上の問題について少し補足すれば,英語のtransvestismという言葉も,オックスフォード英語辞典本巻(1928完結)には未登録の新しい言葉であり,今日文化人類学などでは,一般的に〈変装〉〈異性装〉を意味する言葉としてごくふつうに用いられるものの,多くの一般英語話者の間では,一種の異常性欲としての〈異性装症〉〈服装倒錯〉を指すニュアンスが強いという特殊性をもっている。また,日本語の〈仮装〉という言葉は,典型的な用法としては〈カーニバルの仮装〉〈仮装舞踏会〉といったように,〈変装〉のそれと文脈上の使い分けがなされ,また,〈変装〉がどちらかというと〈変わる〉という行為の局面に重点が置かれるのに対して,〈仮装〉の方は変わったその状態に着目して,それが〈本来の姿ではない〉という虚構性を示唆する,という両者の区別が指摘されたりもするが,ある国語辞典の〈仮装〉の項の説明に〈変装〉という言換えがなされていることにも明らかなように,両者の区別は分明ではない。… ※「異性装症」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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