Introduced by Tilley, metamorphic grades are different levels of rock metamorphism, as opposed to the mineral facies of Escola's mineral assemblages. Tilley placed emphasis on field data to classify rocks into different degrees of metamorphism, and suggested that each zone is determined by temperature and pressure conditions. He considered the boundaries of Barrow-type metamorphic belts to be lines connecting points in rocks where the pressure and temperature of metamorphism were similar, and called these isograds. Isograds, which are characterized by specific minerals, indicate the minerals that appear first as the metamorphic grade increases [Tilley: 1924]. The boundaries of each metamorphic grade are represented by the intersection of the equilibrium temperature and pressure surface (isograd surface) of a monometamorphic system for chemical reactions with the earth's surface. Rocks found in areas between two isograds are called metamorphic zones. Isograd surfaces determine the boundaries of metamorphic zones, and rocks formed under similar physical conditions are called isogrades. Since real minerals have complex chemical compositions, it is difficult to determine the chemical reactions that led to their formation, and the concept of isograds only applies in ideal cases. Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information |
ティレーによって導入された考え方で,エスコラの鉱物組合せによる鉱物相に対して,ティレーは岩石が変成作用により異なった程度を示すものとして変成度(grade)を考えた.ティレーは野外のデータを重視して岩石で変成作用の程度を分け,それぞれの帯は温度圧力条件で決まることを示唆した.バロウ型変成帯の境界は,岩石の中で変成作用の圧力と温度が類似した値の地点を結んだ線を表すものと考え,これをアイソグラッドとした.特定の鉱物によって特徴づけられるアイソグラッドは,変成度が増大する場合にまず一番先に出現する鉱物を示すものである[Tilley : 1924].それぞれの変成度の境界は,化学反応に対する単変系の平衡な温度,圧力面(isograd surface)と地表面との交線によって表される.二つのアイソグラッドの間の地域に産する岩石が変成帯(metamorphic zone)となる.アイソグラッド面は変成作用の地帯の限界を決め,類似した物理条件の下で形成された岩石はアイソグレイド(isograde)とよばれる.実際の鉱物は複雑な化学組成を持つのでどのような化学反応で形成されたか決定することは難しく,アイソグラッドの概念は理想的な場合のみに適合する. 出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報 |
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