tājir (English spelling) tajir

In particular, commercial trade with the world at large was an important basis for the development of local communities and economies, and the merchant class, who played an active role as the actual bearers of economic activity, played a major role in all areas of the nation, society, and culture. Originally, the Arabic word tājir (merchant) was a loanword from Aramaic, and meant a foreign merchant who sold alcoholic beverages in particular, but around the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the great merchants of the Quraysh tribe who participated in the caravan trade dispatched to Syria, Iraq, and Yemen were widely called tājirs. As the Arab conquests progressed, the Hellenistic world, the Iranian world, the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean, and other areas of exchange that had previously had different political, military, and economic developments were incorporated into a common cultural network called Islam, and the first global distribution area in history in which the merchant class was active was realized.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "tājir" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…とくに，より遠隔の世界との商業交易が地域社会と経済の発展の重要な基礎であり，経済活動の実際の担い手として活躍した商人層が国家，社会，文化のあらゆる分野で大きな役割を果たした。本来，アラビア語のタージルtājir(商人)はアラム語からの借用語で，とくに酒類を商う外国系商人を意味したが，預言者ムハンマドの時代前後にはシリア，イラク，イエメンの各方面に派遣されたキャラバン貿易に参加するクライシュ族の大商人は，広くタージルと呼ばれた。　アラブの征服が進み，ヘレニズム世界，イラン世界，インド洋，地中海などのそれまで政治，軍事，経済の諸発展を異にしていた交流圏が，イスラムという一つの共通の文化的ネットワークの中に組み込まれていく過程で，商人層の活躍する史上初の世界的規模の流通圏が実現した。…

※「tājir」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報