Goldfaden, A.

Japanese: Goldfaden,A.(英語表記)GoldfadenA
Goldfaden, A.

...Notable figures in the field of novels include D. Pinski (1872-1959), who emphasized the essence of Jewishness, S. Asch (1880-1957), who created a variety of characters including villains, martyrs, and converts, IJ Singer (1893-1944), who wrote epic social novels and made a major contribution to the Yiddish theater world after his exile in the United States, and J. Opatos (1886-1954), who vividly traced the moral collapse of the Jewish lower classes and the plight of the ethnic leaders at the time of the destruction of the temple by Rome. In the field of theater, Abraham Goldfaden (1840-1908) founded the first Yiddish theater for the general public in 1876, and engaged in the creation and direction of a variety of plays, from light operas that satirized the superstitions and folly that were ingrained in ghetto life to Zionist-oriented historical dramas, thereby raising the level of entertainment and education for the masses. The large-scale immigration of Eastern European Jews from the 1980s onwards encouraged the rise of Yiddish theatre in America.

From [Yashi]

… In the second half of the 19th century, Iaşi had such a large Jewish population that it is said that there were 58 Jewish churches compared to 43 Greek Orthodox churches. Many of them had immigrated from Ukraine after the 18th century, but the person who gave them cultural stimulation was Avram Goldfaden (1840-1907), who founded the first permanent Jewish theater (in Yiddish) in Europe in 1876. He and his troupe toured successfully to Moscow, Warsaw, Odessa, and other cities. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Goldfaden, A." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…小説分野ではユダヤ性の本質を重視したD.ピンスキ(1872‐1959),悪漢,殉教者,転向者など多様な登場人物を作品化したS.アッシュ(1880‐1957),壮大な規模の社会小説を手がけ,アメリカ亡命後はイディッシュ演劇界にも大きく寄与したI.J.シンガー(1893‐1944),ユダヤ底辺層の道徳的崩壊やローマによる神殿破壊時の民族指導層が陥る苦境を克明にたどったJ.オパトシュ(1886‐1954)などが顕著な活動の担い手だった。 演劇方面では,ゴールドファデンAbraham Goldfaden(1840‐1908)が,1876年に初めて一般民衆を対象にしたイディッシュ劇場をルーマニアに創立し,ゲットー生活に染みついた迷信や愚行を風刺する軽歌劇からシオニズム志向の歴史劇に至る諸戯曲の創作・演出に従事し,大衆の娯楽や教養の水準を高めた。80年代以降の東欧ユダヤ人大量移民は,アメリカでのイディッシュ演劇の台頭をうながした。…

【ヤシ】より

… 19世紀後半のヤシには43のギリシア正教会の教会に対し,58のユダヤ教教会があったといわれるほど多数のユダヤ人が居住していた。彼らの多くはウクライナから18世紀以後に移住した者であったが,彼らに文化的刺激を与えたのは1876年に当地でヨーロッパ最初の常設的なユダヤ劇場(イディッシュ語)の旗上げをしたゴールドファデンAvram Goldfaden(1840‐1907)であった。彼とその一座はモスクワ,ワルシャワ,オデッサなどへも巡業して成功を収めた。…

※「Goldfaden,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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