Walloon (English spelling) Henri Wallon

French psychologist. Born in Paris. After graduating from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Paris, he worked in a psychiatric hospital treating mentally disabled children, revealing that mental disorders are caused not only by biological factors but also by social factors. He then founded a child psychobiology laboratory and, while working in child counseling, he studied the origins of children's personality and thoughts from the perspective of dialectical materialism. In 1937, he was appointed professor at the Collège de France, but during World War II he participated in the resistance movement and played a leading role, and after the liberation of Paris, he served as Minister of Education and a member of parliament. During this period, he created a proposal for educational reform with physicist P. Langevin, which was full of humanism and progressive content and is highly regarded in the history of education.

[Takehisa Takizawa]

"The Origin of Character in Children: Until the Establishment of Personality Consciousness" by Henri Wallon, translated by Masato Kubota (1965, Meiji Tosho Publishing)" "The Origin of Children's Thought, Vol. 1, 2, and 3 by Henri Wallon, translated by Takehisa Takizawa et al. (1968, Meiji Tosho Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの心理学者。パリ生まれ。パリ大学医学部を卒業後、精神科病院で精神障害児の臨床に従事し、精神障害は生物学的原因だけでなく、社会的原因にもよることを明らかにした。その後、児童精神生物学研究室を創設して、児童相談などに携わりながら、唯物弁証法の観点から、子供の性格や思考の起源について研究した。1937年コレージュ・ド・フランスの教授に任命されるが、第二次世界大戦中には抵抗運動に参加して指導的役割を果たし、パリ解放後は文部大臣や国会議員を務めた。この時期に物理学者P・ランジュバンとともに作成した教育改革案は、ヒューマニズムに満ちた進歩的内容のもので、教育史上高く評価されている。

［滝沢武久］

『ワロン著、久保田正人訳『児童における性格の起源――人格意識が成立するまで』（1965・明治図書出版）』▽『アンリ・ワロン著、滝沢武久他訳『子どもの思考の起源』上中下（1968・明治図書出版）』

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