...But Paschasius Radbertus assumed a complete change of substance, and in that sense he could be considered a precursor of the later Catholic Church doctrine of transubstantiation. In the 11th century, the scholastic scholar Berengarius of Tours rejected the need to assume a change of substance in the second point mentioned above, that is, the change in the substance of the transubstantiation of bread and wine, and leaned toward a symbolic theory. The Church established transubstantiation as a doctrine at the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), and this was confirmed at the Council of Trent after the Reformation. ... From [Fulber]…Born in Picardy, France, he became chancellor of Chartres Cathedral in 990 and bishop of the same city in 1006. He developed the cathedral school into the center of academic research at the time, and founded the Chartres School with his student Berengarius of Tours. He studied Plato's Timaeus and argued that natural reason and faith are equivalent in the knowledge of truth, which led to a conflict with the primacy of faith that had been held by the Church Fathers up until that point. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Berengarius" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかしパスカシウス・ラドベルトゥスは形質の完全な変化を前提としていたわけで,その意味ではのちにカトリック教会の教義となる〈全質変化〉の先駆者といえよう。11世紀にはスコラ学者トゥールのベレンガリウスBerengariusが上述の第2点,すなわち聖変化をとげたパンとブドウ酒の物質としての変化をめぐって,形質の変化まで想定する必要性を否認し,象徴説に傾いた。教会は第4ラテラノ公会議(1215)で全質変化を教義として定め,それが宗教改革後のトリエント公会議で確認された。… 【フュルベール】より…フランスのピカルディー地方に生まれて,990年シャルトル大聖堂の尚書となり,1006年同地の司教となった。その大聖堂付属学校を当時の学問研究の中心にまで育て,弟子のトゥールのベレンガリウスBerengariusとともにシャルトル学派をおこした。プラトンの書《ティマイオス》の研究にたずさわり,自然的理性と信仰とは真理認識において等価であると主張したため,従来の教父たちの信仰優位と対立した。… ※「Berengarius」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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