It is also called wadaka, watako (Lake Biwa coast), and umauo (horse fish, Nara). It is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae (illustration). It is a species endemic to Japan and its natural distribution is limited to Lake Biwa and the Yodo River system. The horse fish in Kagami-ike Pond in the grounds of Todai-ji Temple in Nara is a wataka, which was moved there in 1919 from the main hall pond in the grounds of the former Eikyu-ji Temple in Tenri City. There is a legend about the horse fish in the main hall pond that says "the head of Emperor Go-Daigo's horse was cut off and became this fish." According to Tsuda Matsunae, this legendary horse fish was probably transplanted from the Lake Biwa and Yodo River system during the Edo period. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ワダカ,ワタコ(琵琶湖沿岸),ウマウオ(馬魚,奈良)などとも呼ばれる。コイ目コイ科の淡水魚(イラスト)。日本特産種で天然の分布は琵琶湖・淀川水系に限られる。奈良東大寺の境内にある鏡池の馬魚はワタカであるが,これは天理市にあった旧永久寺境内の本堂池から1919年に移されたものである。本堂池の馬魚には〈後醍醐天皇の御乗馬の首が斬り落とされてこの魚になった〉との伝説がある。津田松苗によればこの伝説の馬魚はおそらく江戸時代に琵琶湖・淀川水系より移殖されたものと推定されている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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