Lange, David

Japanese: ロンギ（英語表記）Lange, David

Born: August 4, 1942, Otafufu
[Died] August 13, 2005. Auckland. New Zealand politician. Prime Minister (in office 1984-89). Full name: David Russell Lange. Graduated from the University of Auckland. Worked as a lawyer from 1966 to 1977, and also served as a lecturer in law at the University of Auckland. Specialized in criminal law and criminal psychology. First elected as a candidate for the New Zealand Labour Party in a by-election in March 1977, Lange served as a member of parliament until 1990. During that time, he became Deputy Leader of the Labour Party in 1979 and Leader in 1983, and increasingly opposed the long-running New Zealand National Party led by Prime Minister Robert Muldoon. In the 1984 general election, Lange exposed the economic mistakes of the ruling National Party, declared his opposition to nuclear testing and development from the viewpoint of environmental policy, and won public support, leading the Labour Party to victory. In 1984, as soon as he became the 49th Prime Minister, he implemented his election pledge to ban nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered ships from visiting New Zealand's ports, which led to a rapid deterioration in relations with the United States, an ally of New Zealand, and the ANZUS Treaty was suspended. As a result of the US sanctions, New Zealand was cut off from providing military information, and military exercises between the two militaries were forced to be canceled, resulting in the worst relationship between the two countries in history. Relations with the United States were never restored during his term as Prime Minister. In 1989, he resigned as Prime Minister for health reasons. In 2003, he was awarded the Order of New Zealand.

Longy
Longhi, Alessandro

Born: June 12, 1733, Venice
Died in 1813. Venetian Italian portrait painter, copperplate engraver and biographer. Son of genre painter P. Longhi. He first studied painting under his father, and later under G. Nogalli. At the age of 30, he gained a reputation as the greatest portrait painter of his time, and in 1759 he became a member of the Venetian Academy. He painted officials, clergy, and artists, but most of his portraits were in the Rococo style, rich in superficial sentimentality rather than in sharp characterization. He also wrote biographies of 18th-century Venetian painters, and produced copperplate engravings of his own and his father's works. His major works include Teresa Barbarigo (1778, Venice, Donna delle Rose Collection) and Portrait of the Pisani Family (c. 60, Venice, private collection).

Longy
Longhi, Pietro

Born: 1702. Venice
[Died] May 8, 1785. Italian genre painter in Venice. His real name was Pietro Falca. He was the father of portrait painter A. Longhi. He first studied painting under A. Balestra, then went to Bologna and continued his training under G. Crespi. Around 1730, he returned to his native Venice and painted delicate and satirical genre paintings of the daily lives of aristocrats and citizens. His representative works include "Peasant Girl" (Passano Civic Museum) and "Musicians" (Brera Pinacoteca, Milan).

Longy
Longhi, Roberto

Born: December 28, 1890, Alba
[Died] June 3, 1970. Art critic in Florence, Italy. In 1934 he became a professor of art history at the University of Bologna, and later moved to the University of Florence. After helping to launch many magazines, he founded the magazine "Paragone". His main works include "I pittori futuristi" (1913) and "Piero della Francesca" (1927).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1942.8.4. オタフフ
[没]2005.8.13. オークランド
ニュージーランドの政治家。首相（在任 1984～89）。フルネーム David Russell Lange。オークランド大学卒業。1966～77年を弁護士として活躍し，オークランド大学では法学の講師も務めた。専門は刑法と犯罪心理学。1977年3月の補欠選挙でニュージーランド労働党から立候補し初当選して以来，1990年まで国会議員を務めた。その間，1979年に労働党副党首，1983年に党首に就任し，ロバート・マルドーン首相率いるニュージーランド国民党の長期政権との対決色を強めていった。1984年の総選挙では与党国民党の経済政策の失策をつき，環境政策の観点から核実験・核開発に反対を表明して世論の支持を集め，労働党を勝利に導いた。1984年，第49代首相に就任すると同時に，選挙公約である核兵器搭載艦船および原子力推進艦の寄港を禁止したため，同盟国アメリカ合衆国との関係が急速に悪化し，アンザス条約は機能停止に陥った。ニュージーランドはアメリカの制裁によって軍事情報の提供を停止され，両軍の軍事演習も中止に追い込まれるなど，両国関係は史上最悪となった。首相在任中に対米関係が修復されることはなかった。1989年，健康上の理由により首相を辞任。2003年にニュージーランド勲章を授けられた。

ロンギ
Longhi， Alessandro

[生]1733.6.12. ベネチア
[没]1813. ベネチア
イタリアの肖像画家，銅版画家，伝記作者。風俗画家 P.ロンギの子。初め父に絵を学んだが，のち G.ノガリに師事。 30歳で当代の最もすぐれた肖像画家としての名声を博し，1759年にベネチア・アカデミー会員となった。役人，聖職者，芸術家などを描いたが，鋭い性格描写というより，むしろ表面的な情趣に富むロココ風肖像画が多い。また 18世紀のベネチア派の画家の伝記を書き，自分や父の作品の銅版画も制作した。主要作品『テレサ・バルバリゴ』 (1778，ベネチア，ドナ・デレ・ローズ・コレクション) ，『ピサニ家の肖像』 (60頃，ベネチア，個人コレクション) 。

ロンギ
Longhi， Pietro

[生]1702. ベネチア
[没]1785.5.8. ベネチア
イタリアの風俗画家。本名は Pietro Falca。肖像画家 A.ロンギの父。初め A.バレストラに絵を学んだのち，ボローニャに出て G.クレスピのもとで修業を重ね，1730年過ぎ頃から生地ベネチアに帰り，繊細で風刺を含んだ貴族や市民の日常生活の風俗画を描いた。代表作『百姓の娘』 (パッサーノ市立美術館) ，『演奏家たち』 (ミラノ，ブレラ絵画館) 。

ロンギ
Longhi, Roberto

[生]1890.12.28. アルバ
[没]1970.6.3. フィレンツェ
イタリアの美術評論家。1934年ボローニャ大学美術史教授，のちにフィレンツェ大学に移った。多くの雑誌の発刊に協力したのち，『パラゴーネ』Paragone誌を創刊。主著『未来派の画家たち』I pittori futuristi（1913），『ピエロ・デラ・フランチェスカ』Piero della Francesca（1927）。

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